Introduction to Thermo-Fluids Systems Design (Hardcover)

Preface xi

List of Figures xv

List of Tables xix

List of Practical Notes xxi

List of Conversion Factors xxiii

1 Design of Thermo-Fluids Systems 1

1.1 Engineering Design—Definition 1

1.2 Types of Design in Thermo-Fluid Science 1

1.3 Difference between Design and Analysis 2

1.4 Classification of Design 2

1.5 General Steps in Design 2

1.6 Abridged Steps in the Design Process 2

2 Air Distribution Systems 5

2.1 Fluid Mechanics—A Brief Review 5

2.2 Air Duct Sizing—Special Design Considerations 12

2.3 Minor Head Loss in a Run of Pipe or Duct 18

2.4 Minor Losses in the Design of Air Duct Systems—Equal Friction Method 20

2.5 Fans—Brief Overview and Selection Procedures 44

2.6 Design for Advanced Technology—Small Duct High-Velocity (SDHV) Air Distribution Systems 54

Problems 66

References and Further Reading 72

3 Liquid Piping Systems 73

3.1 Liquid Piping Systems 73

3.2 Minor Losses: Fittings and Valves in Liquid Piping Systems 73

3.3 Sizing Liquid Piping Systems 75

3.4 Fluid Machines (Pumps) and Pump–Pipe Matching 83

3.5 Design of Piping Systems Complete with In-Line or Base-Mounted Pumps 103

Problems 121

References and Further Reading 126

4 Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design 127

4.1 Definition and Requirements 127

4.2 Types of Heat Exchangers 127

4.3 The Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient 130

4.4 The Convection Heat Transfer Coefficients—Forced Convection 138

4.5 Heat Exchanger Analysis 142

4.6 Heat Exchanger Design and Performance Analysis: Part 1 147

4.7 Heat Exchanger Design and Performance Analysis: Part 2 157

4.8 Manufacturer’s Catalog Sheets for Heat Exchanger Selection 202

Problems 208

References and Further Reading 211

5 Applications of Heat Exchangers in Systems 213

5.1 Operation of a Heat Exchanger in a Plasma Spraying System 213

5.2 Components and General Operation of a Hot Water Heating System 216

5.3 Boilers for Water 217

5.4 Design of Hydronic Heating Systems c/w Baseboards or Finned-Tube Heaters 227

5.5 Design Considerations for Hot Water Heating Systems 236

Problems 258

References and Further Reading 265

6 Performance Analysis of Power Plant Systems 267

6.1 Thermodynamic Cycles for Power Generation—Brief Review 267

6.2 Real Steam Power Plants—General Considerations 271

6.3 Steam-Turbine Internal Efficiency and Expansion Lines 272

6.4 Closed Feedwater Heaters (Surface Heaters) 280

6.5 The Steam Turbine 282

6.6 Turbine-Cycle Heat Balance and Heat and Mass Balance Diagrams 286

6.7 Steam-Turbine Power Plant System Performance Analysis Considerations 288

6.8 Second-Law Analysis of Steam-Turbine Power Plants 300

6.9 Gas-Turbine Power Plant Systems 307

6.10 Combined-Cycle Power Plant Systems 324

Problems 332

References and Further Reading 338

Appendix A: Pipe and Duct Systems 339

Appendix B: Symbols for Drawings 365

Appendix C: Heat Exchanger Design 373

Appendix D: Design Project— Possible Solution 383

D.1 Fuel Oil Piping System Design 383

Appendix E: Applicable Standards and Codes 413

Appendix F: Equipment Manufacturers 415

Appendix G: General Design Checklists 417

G.1 Air and Exhaust Duct Systems 417

G.2 Liquid Piping Systems 418

G.3 Heat Exchangers, Boilers, and Water Heaters 419

Index 421