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· 분류 : 외국도서 > 과학/수학/생태 > 과학 > 분광학/광선분석
· ISBN : 9781119436645
· 쪽수 : 336쪽
목차
PREFACE
Table of Contents
1. Fundamentals of Spectroscopy
1.1 Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation
1.1.1 Speed, c
1.1.2 Amplitude, A
1.1.3 Frequency, u
1.1.4 Wavelength, l
1.1.5 Energy, E
1.1.6 One More Relationship – Wavenumber,
1.2 The Electromagnetic Spectrum
1.2.1 Radio Frequency Radiation (10-27 to 10-21 J/photon)
1.2.2 Microwave Radiation (10-23 to 10-21 J/photon)
1.2.3 Infrared radiation (10-22 to 10-19 J/photon)
1.2.4 Ultraviolet and visible radiation (10-19 to 10-18 J/photon)
1.2.5 X-ray Radiation (10-15 to 10-13 J/photon)
1.2.6 Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Radiation (10-13 to 10-11 J/photon and higher)
1.3 The Perrin-Jablonski Diagram
1.3.1 Time Scales of Events
1.3.2 Summary of Radiative and Non-radiative Processes
1.4 Temperature effects on Ground and Excited State Populations
1.5 More Wave Characteristics
1.5.1 Adding waves together
1.5.2 Diffraction
1.5.3 Reflection
1.5.4 Refraction
1.5.5 Scattering
1.5.6 Polarized radiation
1.6. Spectroscopy Applications
1.7. Summary
Problems
References
Further Reading
2. UV-visible Spectrophotometry
2.1 Theory
2.1.1 The Absorption Process
2.1.2 The Beer-Lambert Law
2.1.3 Solvent Effects on Molar Absorptivity and Spectra
2.2 UV-Visible Instrumentation
2.2.1 Sources of visible and ultraviolet light
2.2.2 Wavelength Selection: Filters
2.2.3 Wavelength Selection: Monochromators
2.2.4 Monochromator Designs – Putting It All Together
2.2.5 Detectors
2.3 Spectrophotometer Designs
2.3.1 Single-beam Spectrophotometers
2.3.2 Scanning Double-beam Instruments
2.3.3 Photodiode Array Instruments
2.4 The Practice of Spectrophotometry
2.4.1 Types of Samples That Can Be Analyzed
2.4.2 Preparation of Calibration Curves
2.4.3 Deviations from Beer’s Law
2.4.4 Precision – Relative Concentration Error
2.4.5 The Desirable Absorbance Range
2.5 Applications and Techniques
2.5.1 Simultaneous Determinations of Multicomponent Systems
2.5.2 Difference Spectroscopy
2.5.3 Derivative spectroscopy
2.5.4 Titration Curves
2.5.5 Turbidimetry and Nephelometry
2.6 A Specific Application of UV-Visible Spectrophotometry – Enzyme Kinetics
2.6.1 Myeloperoxidase, Immune Responses, Heart Attacks, and Enzyme Kinetics
2.6.2 Possible Mechanism for Myeloperoxidase Oxidation of LDL via Tyrosyl Radical Intermediates
2.7 Summary
Problems
References
Further Reading
3. Molecular Luminescence – Fluorescence, Phosphorescence, and Chemiluminescence
3.1 Theory
3.1.1 Absorbance Compared to Fluorescence
3.1.2 Factors that Affect Fluorescence Intensity
3.1.3 Quenching
3.1.4 Quantum Yield and Fluorescence Intensity
3.1.5 Linearity and Non-linearity of Fluorescence: Quenching and Self-absorption
3.2 Instrumentation
3.2.1 Instrument Design
3.2.2 Sources
3.2.3 Filters and Monochromators
3.2.4 Component Arrangement
3.2.5 Fluorometers
3.2.6 Spectrofluorometers
3.2.7 Cells and Slit Widths
3.2.8 Detectors
3.3 Practice of Luminescence Spectroscopy
3.3.1 Considerations and Options
3.3.2 Fluorescence Polarization
3.3.3 Time-resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy
3.4 Fluorescence Microscopy
3.4.1 Fluorescence Microscopy Resolution
3.4.2 Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy
3.5 Phosphorescence and Chemiluminescence
3.5.1 Phosphorescence
3.5.2 Chemiluminescence
3.6 Applications of Fluorescence – Biological Systems and DNA Sequencing
3.7 Summary
Problems
References
Further Reading
4. Infrared Spectroscopy
4.1 Theory
4.1.1 Bond Vibrations
4.1.2 Other Types of Vibrations
4.1.3 Modeling Vibrations – Harmonic and Nonharmonic Oscillators
4.1.4 The 3N-6 Rule
4.2 FTIR Instruments
4.2.1 The Michelson Interferometer and Fourier Transform
4.2.2 Components of FTIR Instruments – Sources
4.2.3 Components of FTIR Instruments – DTGS and MCT detectors
4.2.4 Sample handling
4.2.5 Reflectance Techniques
4.3 Applications of IR Spectroscopy, Including Near-IR and Far-IR
4.3.1 Structure Determination with Mid-IR Spectroscopy
4.3.2 Gas analysis
4.3.3 Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR)
4.3.4 Far Infrared Spectroscopy (FIR)
4.4 Summary
Problems
References
Further Reading
5. Raman Spectroscopy
5.1 Energy Level Description
5.2 Visualization of Raman Data
5.3 Molecular Polarizability
5.4 Brief Review of Molecular Vibrations
5.5 Classical Theory of Raman Scattering
5.6 Polarization of Raman Scattering
5.6.1 Depolarization Ratio
5.7 Instrumentation and Analysis Methods
5.7.1 Filter Instruments
5.7.2 Dispersive Spectrometers
5.7.3 Fourier Transform Raman Spectrometers
5.7.4 Confocal Raman Instruments
5.7.5 Light Sources
5.8 Quantitative Analysis Methods
5.8.1 Calibration Curves
5.8.2 Curve Fitting
5.8.3 Ordinary Least Squares
5.8.4 Classical Least Squares
5.8.5 Implicit Analytical Methods
5.9 Applications
5.9.1 Art and Archeology
5.9.2 Pharmaceuticals
5.9.3 Forensics
5.9.4 Medicine and Biology
5.10 Signal Enhancement Techniques
5.10.1 Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
5.10.2 Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
5.10.3 Non-linear Raman Spectroscopy
5.11 Summary
Problems
References
Further Reading
