Organic Chemistry (12th)

1. The Basics Bonding and Molecular Structure 1
2. Families of Carbon Compounds Functional Groups, Intermolecular Forces, and Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy 55
3. Acids and Bases An Introduction to Organic Reactions and Their Mechanisms 104
4. Nomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes 144
5. Stereochemistry Chiral Molecules 193
6. Nucleophilic Reactions Properties and Substitution Reactions of Alkyl Halides 240
7. Alkenes and Alkynes I Properties and Synthesis. Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides 282
8. Alkenes and Alkynes II Addition Reactions 337
9. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry Tools for Structure Determination 391
10. Radical Reactions 448
11. Alcohols and Ethers Synthesis and Reactions 489
12. Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds Oxidation-Reduction and Organometallic Compounds 534
13. Conjugated Unsaturated Systems 572
14. Aromatic Compounds 617
15. Reactions of Aromatic Compounds 660
16. Aldehydes and Ketones Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group 711
17. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives Nucleophilic Addition -Elimination at the Acyl Carbon 761
18. Reactions at the αCarbon of Carbonyl Compounds Enols and Enolates 811
19. Condensation and Conjugate Addition Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds More Chemistry of Enolates 849
20. Amines 890
21. Transition Metal Complexes Promoters of Key Bond-Forming Reactions 938
22. Carbohydrates 965
23. Lipids 1011
24. Amino Acids and Proteins 1045
25. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis 1090
Glossary GL-1
Index I-1
Answers to Selected Problems