Meaning : Semantics, Pragmatics, Cognition (Paperback)

List of text boxes List of illustrations List of truth tables Preface Acknowledgments What is language? Linguistics The rules of language Language change Research in linguistics Philosophy of language: How meaning works Types of meaning Where is meaning located? The philosophers weigh in, beginning with: Frege Russell Strawson Donnellan The upshot Semantics and pragmatics Discourse models and possible worlds Exercises Semantics I: Word meaning What is a word? Where words come from Historical descent Other sources of new words Lexical relations Approaches to word meaning Componential analysis Other primitive-based approaches Prototype theory and The Great Sandwich Controversy Exercises Semantics II: Sentence meaning Truth and meaning Sentential relations Logical operators Negation Conjunction Disjunction The conditional The biconditional Propositional logic Analytic statements Synthetic statements Predicate logic Predicates and constants Variables Quantifiers Ambiguity and scope Exercises Pragmatics I: The Cooperative Principle Reprise: Semantics vs. pragmatics The Cooperative Principle The maxims The maxim of Quantity The maxim of Quality The maxim of Relation The maxim of Manner Revisiting Grice’s problem Tests for conversational implicature Implicature and pragmatic theory Conventional implicature The Gricean world view Pragmatics after Grice Explicature Impliciture Neo-Gricean theory Relevance theory Boundary disputes Exercises Pragmatics II: Speech acts Speech acts Performatives Constatives Types of speech acts: first pass Indirect speech acts Felicity conditions Felicity conditions, speech acts, and the Cooperative Principle Types of speech acts: second pass Politeness theory Exercises Language structure The Chomskyan revolution Sound structure Word structure Morphemes Allomorphs Words Parts of speech Structure and function Representing word structure Other ways of building words Sentence structure Ambiguity and constituency Representing sentence structure Expanding our grammar Structural ambiguity So what’s the point? Exercises Interfaces I: Semantics, pragmatics, and philosophy Reference and the semantics/pragmatics boundary What do we refer to when we refer? Deixis and anaphora Indexicals Deixis Personal deixis Spatial deixis Temporal deixis Discourse deixis Anaphora Reference resolution Cataphora Anaphora and phrase types Definiteness Definiteness as uniqueness Definiteness as familiarity Presupposition Testing for presupposition Presupposition triggers Theories of presupposition Accommodation Exercises Interfaces II: Structure and meaning Semantic roles Argument-structure alternations Information structure Preposing Postposing Argument reversal Inference Open propositions Constructions The type/token distinction Exercises Meaning and human cognition Language and the brain Brain structure Neurons Aphasia Language and thought Does the language I speak affect my view of reality? Language use and world view Advertising Politics and public policy Language and prejudice Connecting the dots Exercises Meaning, minds, and machines The nuts and bolts Natural language processing Artificial intelligence Data mining Deep learning Meaning and the self Bodies and minds Language and consciousness Exercises References Index