Anatomy & Physiology Workbook for Dummies (Paperback)

Introduction 1 About This Book 1 Conventions Used in This Book 1 Foolish Assumptions 2 How This Book Is Organized 2 Part I: Building Blocks of the Body 2 Part II: Weaving It Together: Bones, Muscles, and Skin 2 Part III: Feed and Fuel: Supply and Transport 3 Part IV: Survival of the Species 3 Part V: Mission Control: All Systems Go 3 Part VI: The Part of Tens 3 Icons Used in This Book 3 Where to Go from Here 4 Part I: Building Blocks of the Body 5 Chapter 1: The Chemistry of Life 7 Building from Scratch: Atoms and Elements 7 Compounding Chemical Reactions 10 Cycling through Life: Metabolism 15 Answers to Questions on Life's Chemistry21 Chapter 2: The Cell: Life's Basic Building Block 23 Gaining Admission: The Cell Membrane 23 Aiming for the Nucleus 26 Looking Inside: Organelles and Their Functions 27 Putting Together New Proteins 31 Cycling Along: Grow, Rest, Divide, Die 33 Answers to Questions on the Cell 35 Chapter 3: Divide and Conquer: Cellular Mitosis 37 The Mitotic Process 37 Waiting for action: Interphase 38 Sorting out the parts: Prophase 38 Dividing at the equator: Metaphase 38 Packing up to move out: Anaphase 38 Pinching off: Telophase 39 Splitting up: Cytokinesis 39 What Can Go Wrong 42 Answers to Questions on Mitosis 44 Chapter 4: The Study of Tissues: Histology 47 Getting Under Your Skin 47 Making a Connection: Connective Tissue 50 Flexing It: Muscle Tissue 53 Getting the Signal Across: Nerve Tissue 54 Answers to Questions on Histology 56 Part II: Weaving It Together: Bones, Muscles, and Skin 59 Chapter 5: A Scaffold to Build On: The Skeleton 61 Understanding Dem Bones 61 Boning Up on Classifications, Structures, and Ossification 63 Axial Skeleton: Keeping It All in Line 69 Making a hard head harder 69 Putting your backbones into it 70 Appendicular Skeleton: Reaching Beyond Our Girdles 79 Arthrology: Articulating the Joints 82 Answers to Questions on the Skeleton 87 Chapter 6: Getting in Gear: The Muscles 93 Flexing Your Muscle Knowledge 93 Classifications: Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal 95 Contracting for a Contraction 97 Pulling Together: Muscles as Organs 99 Assuming the Right Tone 100 Leveraging Muscular Power 101 What's In a Name? Identifying Muscles 104 Answers to Questions on Muscles 109 Chapter 7: It's Skin Deep: The Integumentary System 113 Dermatology Down Deep 113 Epidermis: Don't judge this book by its cover 114 Dermis: It's more than skin deep 115 Touching a Nerve in the Integumentary System 119 Accessorizing with Hair, Nails, and Glands 120 Wigging out about hair 120 Nailing the fingers and toes 121 Sweating the details 121 Getting an earful 122 Answers to Questions on the Skin 125 Part III: Feed and Fuel: Supply and Transport 127 Chapter 8: Oxygenating the Machine: The Respiratory System 129 Breathing In Oxygen, Breathing Out CO2 129 Inhaling the Basics about the Respiratory Tract 132 Knowing about the nose (and sinuses) 132 Dealing with throaty matters 134 Going deep inside the lungs 137 Damaging Air 139 Answers to Questions on the Respiratory System 141 Chapter 9: Fueling the Functions: The Digestive System 143 Digesting the Basics: It's Alimentary! 143 Nothing to Spit At: Into the Mouth and Past the Teeth 145 Entering the vestibule 146 Moving along the oral cavity 147 The tongue 147 The salivary glands 148 Stomaching the Body's Fuel 151 Breaking Down the Work of Digestive Enzymes 154 Small intestine 154 Liver 155 Pancreas 156 Large intestine 157 Answers to Questions on the Digestive Tract 159 Chapter 10: Spreading the Love: The Circulatory System 163 Moving to the Beat of a Pump 163 Finding the Key to the Heart's Chambers 166 The atria 166 The ventricles 167 Conducting the Heart's Music 170 Riding the Network of Blood Vessels 172 Beating from the Start: Fetal Circulation 174 Answers to Questions on the Circulatory System 178 Chapter 11: Keeping Up Your Defenses: The Lymphatic System 181 Duct, Duct, Lymph 181 Poking at the Nodes 184 Having a Spleen ded Time with the Lymphatic Organs 187 The spleen