Wastewater Treatment (Hardcover)

· 제목 : Wastewater Treatment (Hardcover) 
· 분류 : 외국도서 > 기술공학 > 기술공학 > 환경공학
· ISBN : 9780471780441
· 쪽수 : 288쪽
· 출판일 : 2006-10-01

1 Introduction.

Introduction.

Water Composition.

Pure Water.

Salts and Ions in Water.

Principal Contaminants and Ions in Water and Measurement Methods.

Sources of Water.

Water Quality.

Water Quality Regulations—Legal Structure.

Rules and Regulations for Water Quality Control.

Applications.

Sample Problem.

Solution.

Drinking Water Quality Standards: USA and International Standards.

2 Effects of Pollution.

Effluent Toxicity Testing.

Oxygen Depletion—Biochemical Oxygen Demand.

Oxygen Uptake in a Stream—The Oxygen Sag Equation.

Biology of Polluted Water.

3 Flow Measurement.

Review of Open Channel Hydraulics.

Determining Normal and Gradually Varied Flows.

Types of Flowmeters.

Weir Plates.

4 Sampling and Statistical Considerations.

Errors in Process Measurements.

Statistical Distributions.

Lognormal Distributions.

Weibull Distributions.

Probable Error.

Repeat Measurements.

Sampling.

5 Important Concepts from Aquatic Chemistry.

Common Ion Species.

Most Important Chemicals in the Water Environment.

Carbonate Chemistry.

Chemical Water Softening.

Excess Lime Process.

Metals Removal by Precipitation.

Heavy Metals.

Chromium Reduction and Metals Precipitation.

Silicates in Treatment Systems.

Nitrogen.

Sulfur.

Phosphorous.

6 Elements of Biological Treatment.

Introduction.

BOD and COD Solids.

Suspended Solids.

Biological Growth Equation.

Biological Growth & the Monod Equation.

Principles of Biological Treatment Systems.

Activated Sludge & Its Varations.

Biological Treatment of Difficult Wastes.

Modeling the Biological Process.

Steady.

JASS.

Scilab/SeTS.

Available Commercial Modeling Tools.

Modeling Guidance.

The IWA Models for Activated Sludge.

7 Precipitation and Sedimentation.

Theory of Sedimentation.

Clarifiers and Their Design.

Lamellas and Specialty Devices.

8 Filtration Theory and Practice.

Depth Filters Design: Theory and Practice.

Filtration Hydraulics.

Hydraulics of Filter Washing.

Skin Filters.

Filter Elements and Design.

9 Disinfection.

General.

Rate of Kill—Disinfection Parameters.

Status of U.S. Drinking Water.

Chlorine.

Ozone.

Ultraviolet Light.

Other Disinfecting Compounds.

10 Nitrogen Removal.

Nitrogen Chemistry and Forms.

Ammonia Toxicity and Nitrogen Loading.

Nitrate.

Nitrogen Removals.

Mixed Media and Attached Growth Systems.

Conclusions.

11 Phosphorous Removal.

General.

Biological Phosphorous Removal.

Chemical Phosphorous Removal.

12 Anaerobic Treatment.

Basic Anaerobic Processes.

Anaerobic Pretreatment.

Sludge Digestion.

Sludge Treatment.

Anaerobic Digester Model ADM1.

13 Micro/Ultrafiltration.

Introduction to Membrane Separations and Microfiltration.

Design Values.

Process Selection.

14 Reverse Osmosis.

Introduction.

Mass Transfer Theory.

Membrane Selection.

Membrane Materials.

Membrane Configurations.

RO Design Considerations.

Design Parameters.

15 Carbon Adsorption.

Breakthrough Curves.

The Freundlich and the Langmuir Equations.

Carbon Adsorption Physical Coefficients and Economics.

PACTTM Process.

16 Ion Exchange.

Introduction.

Resins.

Selectivity.

Selectivity Coefficient.

Design Considerations.

17 Dissolved Air Flotation and Techniques.

Design Basics for DAF.

Operating Parameters.

Electroflotation.

Electrocoagulation.

18 Coagulation, Flocculation, and Chemical Treatment.

Introduction.

Flocculation and Mixing.

Practice.

Modeling.

19 Waste Topics.

Oily Wastewaters.

Blood and Protein.

Milk Wastes.

Refinery Wastes.

Metal Plating Wastes.

Starch Wastes.

Phenols and Chemical Plant Wastes.

Small Waste Flows.

Final Thoughts.

Index.