Photosynthesis in Algae (Hardcover, 2003)

Introductory Chapters.- 1 The Algae and their General Characteristics.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. The Algae: Their Origins and Diversity.- III. The Green, Red and Brown Algae.- IV. The Chromophytes.- V. The Chlorarachniophytes.- VI. The Euglenophytes.- VII. Algal Genomes.- VIII. Algae as Sources of Natural Products.- IX. Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 2 Algal Plastids: Their Fine Structure and Properties.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. Origin of Plastids.- III. Chlorophyte Plastids.- IV. Rhodophyte Plastids.- V. Cyanelles (Glaucocystophyte Plastids).- VI. Cryptophyte Plastids.- VII. Chlorarachniophyte Plastids.- VIII. Euglenophyte Plastids.- IX. Dinoflagellate Plastids.- X. Chrysophyte (Ochrophyte) Plastids.- XI. Phaeophyte, Bacillariophyte, Eustigmatophyte, Raphidophyte, Synurophyte, Pelagophyte, Silicoflagellate, Pedinellid and Xanthophyte Plastids.- XII. Haptophyte Plastids.- XIII. Apicomplexan Plastids.- XIV. Kleptoplastids.- XV. Microstructure of the Thylakoid Membrane.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 3 The Photosynthetic Apparatus of Chlorophyll b- and d-Containing Oxyphotobacteria.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. Advances in Photosynthesis in Chlorophyll b- and d-Containing Oxyphotobacteria.- III. Green Oxyphotobacteria and the Endosymbiotic Theory of Green Plastids Evolution.- IV. Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Molecular Genetics of Algae.- 4 Structure and Regulation of Algal Light-Harvesting Complex Genes.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. Higher Plant Light-Harvesting Complexes.- III. Algal Light-Harvesting Complexes.- IV. Origin and Evolution of the Light-Harvesting Antennae.- V. Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 5 Functional Analysis of Plastid Genes through Chloroplast Reverse Genetics in Chlamydomonas.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. Algal Chloroplast Transformation.- III. Reverse Chloroplast Genetics of Photosynthesis.- IV. Several ycfs Encode Novel Proteins Involved in Photosynthesis.- V. Chloroplast Reverse Genetics of Essential Genes of Chlamydomonas.- VI. Conclusions and Prospects.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 Biochemistry and Regulation of Chlorophyll Biosynthesis.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. An Overview of Tetrapyrroles and Their Derivatives.- III. Chlorophyll Forms and Their Distribution in Algal Species.- IV. Early Steps in Chlorophyll Biosynthesis.- V. The Pathway from ALA to Protoporphyrin IX.- VI. The Iron Branch.- VII. The Magnesium Branch-Chlorophyll a Formation.- VIII. Biosynthesis of Chlorophyll b and Other Algal Chlorophylls.- Acknowledgments.- References.- Summary.- Biochemistry and Physiology of Algae.- 7 Oxygenic Photosynthesis in Algae and Cyanobacteria: Electron Transfer in Photosystems I and II.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. Overview of Photosystems I and II.- III. Mutagenesis and Genetic Engineering of the Photosystems.- IV. Photosystem II function.- V. Photosystem II Structure.- VI. Photosystem I.- VII. Conclusions.- Acknowledgment.- References.- 8 Oxygen Consumption: Photorespiration and Chlororespiration.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. Photorespiration.- III. Chlororespiration: A Mechanism to Maintain Thylakoid Membrane Energization in the Dark?.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 9 The Water-Water Cycle in Algae.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. The Water-Water Cycle in Plant Chloroplasts.- III. Operation of the Water-Water Cycle in Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotic Algae.- IV. Scavenging System of O2- and H2O2 in the Algal Water-Water Cycle.- V. Physiological Functions of the Water-Water Cycle in Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotic Algae.- VI. Concluding Remarks.- Acknowledgment.- References.- 10 Carbohydrate Metabolism and Respiration in Algae.- Summary.- I. Introduction.- II. Carbohydrate Metabolism: Low M, Compounds.- III. Carbohydrate Metabolism: Storage Polysaccharides.- IV. Carbohydrate Metabolism: Structural Polysaccharides.- V. Respiration: Carbon Pathways.- VI. Respiration: Redox Reactions and Energy Co