3D Cadastre in an International Context: Legal, Organizational, and Technological Aspects (Hardcover)

ANALYSIS OF THE BACKGROUNDScope of a 3D CadastreElementary Cadastral Model Types of Cadastral Registrations3D Cadastral Recordings and Private Law 3D Cadastral Recordings and Public LawConclusions 3D RECORDINGS IN CURRENT CADASTRAL REGISTRATIONS The Netherlands Norway Sweden Queensland, Australia British Columbia, CanadaThe United States Argentina Conclusions NEEDS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR A 3D CADASTRE Current Cadastral Registrations and 3DBasic Needs for a 3D Cadastre Opportunities for a 3D Cadastre3D Applications outside the Cadastral DomainConclusions FRAMEWORK FOR MODELING 2D AND 3D SITUATIONS Theory of Spatial Data Modeling Data ModelsConceptual Model Logical ModelPhysical Model UML Spatial Data Modeling and DBMSStandardization InitiativesConclusions GEO-DBMSS Geometrical Primitives in DBMSs Topological Structure in DBMSsSpatial Analyses in DBMSsImplementation of a 3D Geometrical Primitive in a DBMSConclusions 3D GIS AND ACCESSING A 3D GEO-DBMS WITH FRONT ENDS 3D GIS Accessing a geo-DBMS with a CAD Front End Accessing a geo-DBMS with a GIS Front End Accessing a geo-DBMS Using Web Technology Conclusions INTEGRATING 2D PARCELS AND 3D OBJECTS IN ONE ENVIRONMENTAbsolute or Relative Coordinates Introduction of a Case Study Integrated TINs of Point Heights and Parcels Analyzing and Querying Parcel Surfaces Generalization of the Integrated TIN Generalization PrototypeConclusions MODELS FOR A 3D CADASTREConceptual Model for a 3D Cadastre Introduction of Possible Solutions A 2D Cadastre with 3D Tags Hybrid Approach Full 3D CadastreEvaluating the Conceptual Models Conclusions LOGICAL MODEL FOR A 3D CADASTRE Right-Volumes in the DBMS3D Physical Objects in the DBMSVolume Parcels in the DBMS Maintaining History in the 3D CadastreConclusions REALIZATION OF A 3D CADASTREPrototypes Applied to Case StudiesPrototypes of the Hybrid Cadastre Prototype of the Full 3D Cadastre Conclusions SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND FURTHER RESEARCHAnalysis of the BackgroundFramework for Modeling 2D and 3D Situations Models for a 3D CadastreRealization of a 3D CadastreFuture Directions for a 3D CadastreFurther Research Main Results of the Research Presented in This BookAppendix A Visualizing Attributes in VRMLAppendix B XSLT Stylesheet to Transform XML to X3D