On-Site Drug Testing (Hardcover)

Chapter 1 Clinical Point-of-Care Testing for Drugs of Abuse Jimmie L. Valentine 1 General Considerations 2 Pediatric Clinical Considerations 3 Adolescent Clinical Considerations 4 Adult Clinical Considerations 5 Physiological Considerations for Clinical Testing 6 Conclusions References Chapter 2: On-Site Tests for Therapeutic Drugs Alan H. B. Wu 1 Rationale for Therapeutic Monitoring and Need for On-Site Drug Testing 2 On-Site and Point-of-Care (POC) Drug Testing 3 Direct On-Site Testing Instruments and Devices for Therapeutic Drugs 4 Indirect On-Site Testing for Therapeutic Drugs 4.1 Monitoring of Lipid Lowering Medications 4.2 Monitoring of Antithrombotic Medications 4.2.1 Heparin 4.2.2 Oral Antithrombotic Therapy 4.2.3 On-Site Testing for Anticoagulant Drugs 5 Conclusion References Chapter 3: On-Site Workplace Drug Testing David Armbruster 1 Background 2 Conducting On-Site Workplace Drug Testing 3 The Future of On-Site Workplace Drug Testing References Chapter 4: Program Requirements, Standards, and Legal Considerations for On-Site Drug Testing Devices in Workplace Testing Programs Theodore F. Shults and Yale H. Caplan 1 Introduction 2 What Is 'On-Site' Testing from a Standards Perspective? 3 Establishing Federal Standards for On-Site Drug Testing 3.1 Drug Testing Advisory Board (DTAB) 3.1.1 Collection Site 3.1.2 Collector/Tester 3.1.3 Collection Device/Test Device 3.1.4 Specimen 3.1.5 Collection Procedure 3.1.6 On-Site Testing 3.1.7 Laboratory Testing 3.1.8 Quality Control/Quality Assurance (QC/QA) 3.1.9 Reporting 3.1.10 Medical Review Officer 3.2 The DTAB End Game 4 The Legal Requirements for Confirmatory Testing in Private Sector On-Site Testing 5 The Legal Requirements for a Medical Review Officer in Private Sector On-Site Testing 6 New Liability Risks of Drug Testing Providers and On-Site Drug Testing-Another Factor in Establishing Standards 7 Conclusion Notes Chapter 5: On-Site Testing Devices in the Criminal Justice System Leo J. Kadehjian and James Baer 1 Drug Testing in the Criminal Justice Arena 1.1 Introduction 1.2 On-Site Testing 1.3 Use of Noninstrument Drug Testing Devices 2 Legal Admissibility, Evidentiary Weight, and Due Process 2.1 Standards for Admissibility of Scientific Evidence 2.2 Cases Addressing the Use of Noninstument Drug Testing Devices 2.3 Requirements for Repeat and/or Confirmation Testing 3 Conclusions References Chapter 6: On-Site Testing Devices and Driving-Under-the-Influence Cases J. Michael Walsh 1 Introduction 2 On-Site Testing in DUI Cases 3 Summary References Chapter 7 Analysis of Ethanol in Saliva Kurt M. Dubowski 1 Introduction 2 Saliva as a Specimen; Saliva Collection; Relationship of Saliva and Blood-Alchohol 2.1 Saliva Collection 2.2 Relation of Saliva-Alcohol to Alcohol in Other Body Fluids 3 Saliva-Alcohol Testing Principles and Procedures 4 Commercial Saliva-Alcohol Screening Test Devices 5 Quality Assurance 5.1Testing Personnel 6 Interpretation and Use of Results References Chapter 8: Analysis of Drugs in Saliva Vina Spiehler, Dene Baldwin, and Christopher Hand 1 Roadside or On-Site Saliva Drug Testing 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Saliva Collection 1.3 Cutoff Concentrations in Saliva 1.4 Amphetamines 1.5 Benzodiazepines 1.6 Cannabinoids 1.7 Cocaine 1.8 Opiates 1.9 Conclusion 2 Cozart RapiScan Saliva Drug Test System 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Testing Principle 2.3 Quality Control 2.4 Interpretation 2.5 Performance 2.6 Adulteration