Linux with Operating System Concepts (Hardcover, 2 ed)

Acknowledgements and Contributions Preface How to Use This Textbook New to this Edtion Available Online Supplements About the Author Linux:? What, Why, Who and When, and How Introduction What is Linux? Early Operating Systems The Operating System Kernel Other Operating System Components So, What is Linux? Why Use Linux? Who Developed Linux and When? The Birth and Development of Unix GNU Enter Linux Torvalds The Open Source Community How do You Use Linux? Installing Debian Linux Installing CentOS Linux Installing Ubuntu Linux Installing Linux Mint An Introduction to the Shell and Command Line Chapter Review ? Bash Introduction Entering Linux Commands Simple Linux Commands Commands with Options and Parameters Forms of Linux Help Man Pages Other Forms of Command Line Help Bash Features Recalling Commands Through the History List Shell Variables Aliases Command Line Editing Redirection Other Useful Bash Features Tailoring Our Environment Commands An Example to Illustrate How to Use vi Interpreters Interpreters in Programming Languages Interpreters in Shells The Bash Interpreter Chapter Review ? Linux File Commands Introduction Storage Terminology Filename Specification The Path Filename Arguments with Paths The PATH Variable Specifying Filenames with Wildcards File Commands Directory Commands File Movement and Copy Commands File Deletion Commands Creating and Deleting Directories Textfile Viewing Commands File Comparison Commands File Manipulation Commands Miscellaneous but Useful File Commands Permissions What Are Permissions? Altering Permissions from the Command Line Altering Permissions from the GUI Advanced Permissions Hard and Symbolic Links Locating Files Search Using the File Browser The find Command Other Means of Locating Files Secondary Storage Devices The Hard Disk Drive Magnetic Tape Optical Discs Flash Memory Drives Device Drivers File Compression Types of File Compression The Lempel-Ziv Algorithms for Lossless Compression Other Lossless Compression Algorithms Compression and Decompression Programs in Linux Chapter Review ? Managing Processes Introduction Forms of Process Management Single Process Execution Concurrent Processing Interrupt Handling Starting, Pausing and Resuming Processes Ownership of Running Processes Launching Processes from the Command Line Suspending and Resuming Processes from the Command Line Monitoring Processes GUI Monitoring Tools Command Line Monitoring Tools Managing Process Priority Process Termination Orphans and Zombies Killing Processes Shutting Down Linux A Look at System Resources Memory and Virtual Memory Linux Commands to Inspect System Resources Chapter Review ? Regular Expressions Introduction Metacharacters Controlling Repeated Characters Through *, + and ? Using and Modifying the . Metacharacter Controlling Where a Pattern Matches Matching from a List of Options Matching Characters That Must Not Appear Matching Metacharacters Literally More Precisely Controlling Repetition Selecting Between Sequences Examples grep Using egrep Useful egrep Options Examples: Searching the Linux Dictionary Using egrep to Control the Output of Other Linux Commands sed Basic sed Syntax Placeholders Other sed Capabilities awk awk Condition-Action Pairs BEGIN and END Sections Other Forms of Control awk Command Line Options and Arguments Non-file Input to awk Chapter Review ? Shell Scripting Introduction Simple Scripting Scripts of Linux Instructions Running Scripts Scripting Errors Variables, Assignments and Parameters Bash Variables Assignment Statements Executing Linux Commands from Within Assignment Statements Arithmetic Operations in Assignment Statements String Operations Using expr Command Line Parameters Input and Output Output with echo Input with read Selection Statements Conditions for Strings and Integers File Conditions The if-then and if-then-else Statements Nested Statements Case Statement Conditions Outside of Selection Statements Loops Conditional Loops Counter Controlled Loops Iterator Loops Using the seq Command to Generate a List The while read Statement Arrays Declaring and Initializing Arrays Accessing Array Elements and Entire Arrays Example Scripts Using Arrays String Manipulation Substrings Revisited String Regular Expression Matching Functions Defining Bash Functions Using Functions Functions and Variables exit and return Statements Chapter Review ? User Accounts Introduction Creating Accounts and Groups Creating User and Group Accounts Through the GUI Creating User and Group Accounts from the Command Line Creating a Large Number of User Accounts Managing Users and Groups Password Management Automatically Generating Passwords Managing Passwords PAM and Enforcing Strong Passwords Establishing Common User Resources Populating User Home Directories with Initial Files Initial User Settings and Defaults The sudo Command SELinux SELinux Components A Closer Look at Contexts Rules Establishing User and Group Policies Chapter Review ? Administering Linux File Systems Introduction Storage Access Disk Storage and Blocks Block Indexing Using a File Allocation Table Other Disk Storage Details File Storage and Object Storage Linux Files Files Versus Directories Non-file File Types Links as File Types Reviewing the File Types The inode inode Metadata inode Pointers Linux Commands to Inspect inodes and Files Partitions and File Systems Why Partition? Viewing the Available Partitions Creating Partitions Repartitioning Using a Logical Volume Manager to Partition Adding a Disk Drive Administrative File System Tasks Mounting and Unmounting File Systems Remote File Systems Establishing Quotas on a File System Miscellaneous Administrative File System Commands Linux Top-level Directories Root (/) Partition Directories The /etc Directory The /boot, /home and /var Directories Virtual Filesystem Directories Chapter Review ? System Initialization and Services Introduction Booting the Computer Volatile and Non-volatile Memory The Boot Process The Linux Boot Process Loading and Running the Linux Kernel Initialization of the Linux Operating System Target Unit Files Service Unit Files Other Unit File Types Modifying System Initialization Linux Services What Are Services? An Examination of Significant Linux Services Using systemctl Configuration Files Non-service Configuration Files Configuring rsyslog Configuring nfs Configuring logrotate Configuring auditd Chapter Review ? Network Configuration Introduction Computer Networks and TCP/IP Network Connection Devices The TCP/IP Protocol Stack Ports IPv6 Domains, the Domain Name System and Host Names Linux NetworkManager Service and Related Services and Files NetworkManager Other Network Services of Note Establishing DNS Access Obtaining IP Addresses Configuring Our Interface Device(s) Setting Up a DHCP Server Network Programs The ip Program Remote Access and File Transfer Programs Network Inspection Programs Address Resolution Programs The Linux Firewall The firewalld Service The Firewall Config GUI Tool firewall-cmd ufw Chapter Review ? Software Installation and Maintenance Introduction Software Maintenance Terminology Types of Programming Languages Types of Software Types of Software Licenses Types of Software Management Installation and Maintenance of Software from a “Store” Red Hat Software GUI Debian Mint Software GUI Ubuntu Software Center rpm and dpkg rpm dpkg dnf/yum and apt Installation of Source Code Obtaining Installation Packages Extracting from the Archive Running the configure Script The make Step and the makefile The make install Step The gcc Compiler Pre-processing Lexical Analysis and Syntactic Parsing Semantic Analysis, Compilation and Optimization Linking Using gcc Software Documentation Chapter Review ? Maintaining and Troubleshooting Linux Introduction File System Integrity:? Backups, RAID and Encryption Backups:? Why, How and When RAID for File System Integrity Encryption and Encryption Programs Task Scheduling at and atd crontab and crond System Monitoring Operating System Issues that Degrade Performance Processor and Process System Monitoring Tools Memory System Monitoring Tools I/O System Monitoring Tools Log Files rsyslog-Created Log Files auditd Logs Examining the Log Files journald Troubleshooting Chapter Review ? Bibliography