[eBook Code] Introduction to Tribology (eBook Code, 2nd)

About the Author xv

Foreword xvii

Series Preface xix

Preface to the Second Edition xxi

Preface to the First Edition xxiii

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Definition and History of Tribology 1

1.2 Industrial Significance of Tribology 3

1.3 Origins and Significance of Micro/Nanotribology 4

1.4 Organization of the Book 6

2 Solid Surface Characterization 9

2.1 The Nature of Surfaces 9

2.2 Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Surface Layers 10

2.3 Analysis of Surface Roughness 14

2.4 Measurement of Surface Roughness 51

2.5 Closure 84

3 Contact Between Solid Surfaces 91

3.1 Introduction 91

3.2 Analysis of the Contacts 92

3.3 Measurement of the Real Area of Contact 146

3.4 Closure 150

4 Adhesion 157

4.1 Introduction 157

4.2 Solid–Solid Contact 158

4.3 Liquid-Mediated Contact 172

4.4 Closure 194

5 Friction 199

5.1 Introduction 199

5.2 Solid–Solid Contact 201

5.3 Liquid-Mediated Contact 236

5.4 Friction of Materials 239

5.5 Closure 264

6 Interface Temperature of Sliding Surfaces 273

6.1 Introduction 273

6.2 Thermal Analysis 274

6.3 Interface Temperature Measurements 298

6.4 Closure 309

7 Wear 315

7.1 Introduction 315

7.2 Types of Wear Mechanism 316

7.3 Types of Particles Present in Wear Debris 365

7.4 Wear of Materials 369

7.5 Closure 388

8 Fluid Film Lubrication 399

8.1 Introduction 399

8.2 Regimes of Fluid Film Lubrication 400

8.3 Viscous Flow and Reynolds Equation 404

8.4 Hydrostatic Lubrication 418

8.5 Hydrodynamic Lubrication 428

8.6 Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication 481

8.7 Closure 493

9 Boundary Lubrication and Lubricants 501

9.1 Introduction 501

9.2 Boundary Lubrication 501

9.3 Liquid Lubricants 511

9.4 Greases 520

9.5 Closure 521

10 Nanotribology 525

10.1 Introduction 525

10.2 SFA Studies 527

10.3 AFM/FFM Studies 538

10.4 Atomic-Scale Computer Simulations 598

10.5 Closure 602

11 Friction and Wear Screening Test Methods 615

11.1 Introduction 615

11.2 Design Methodology 615

11.3 Typical Test Geometries 619

11.4 Closure 628

12 Tribological Components and Applications 631

12.1 Introduction 631

12.2 Common Tribological Components 631

12.3 MEMS/NEMS 644

12.4 Material Processing 656

12.5 Industrial Applications 662

12.6 Closure 676

13 Green Tribology and Biomimetics 683

13.1 Introduction 683

13.2 Green Tribology 683

13.3 Biomimetics 689

13.4 Closure 693

References 694

Further Reading 696

AppendixA Units, Conversions, and Useful Relations 697

A.1 Fundamental Constants 697

A.2 Conversion of Units 698

A.3 Useful Relations 698

Index 701