[eBook Code] Mobile Clouds (eBook Code, 1st)

Foreword xiii

Preface xv

Acknowledgements xxi

Abbreviations xxiii

Part One MOBILE CLOUDS: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

1 Motivation 3

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 From Brick Phones to Smart Phones 5

1.3 Mobile Connectivity Evolution: From Single to Multiple Air Interface Devices 7

1.4 Network Evolution: The Need for Advanced Architectures 10

1.5 Conclusion 11

References 11

2 Mobile Clouds: An Introduction 13

2.1 Introduction 13

2.2 Mobile Cloud Definitions 15

2.3 Cooperation and Cognition in Mobile Clouds 24

2.4 Mobile Cloud Classification and Associated Cooperation Approaches 27

2.5 Types of Cooperation and Incentives 29

2.6 Conclusion 33

References 35

3 Sharing Device Resources in Mobile Clouds 37

3.1 Introduction 37

3.2 Examples of Resource Sharing 39

3.3 Sharing Loudspeakers 40

3.4 Sharing Microphones 41

3.5 Sharing Image Sensors 42

3.6 Sharing Displays 44

3.7 Sharing General–Purpose Sensors 46

3.8 Sharing Keyboards 46

3.9 Sharing Data Pipes 46

3.10 Sharing Mobile Apps 48

3.11 Sharing Mass Memory 48

3.12 Sharing Processing Units 49

3.13 Sharing Batteries 50

3.14 Conclusion 51

References 51

Part Two ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MOBILE CLOUDS

4 Wireless Communication Technologies 55

4.1 Introduction 55

4.2 Cellular Communications Systems 56

4.3 Short–Range Technologies 58

4.4 Combined Air Interface 62

4.5 Building Mobile Clouds 64

4.6 Conclusion 65

References 66

5 Network Coding for Mobile Clouds 67

5.1 Introduction to Network Coding 67

5.2 Inter–Flow Network Coding 68

5.3 Inter–Flow Network Coding for User Cooperation in Mobile Clouds 73

5.4 Intra–Flow Network Coding 78

5.5 Intra–Flow Network Coding for User Cooperation in Mobile Clouds 80

5.6 Conclusion 91

References 91

6 Mobile Cloud Formation and Maintenance 93

6.1 Introduction 93

6.2 Mobile Cloud Stages 94

6.3 Service Discovery for Mobile Clouds 100

6.4 Conclusion 104

References 104

Part Three SOCIAL ASPECTS OF MOBILE CLOUDS

7 Cooperative Principles by Nature 107

7.1 Introduction 107

7.2 Cheetahs and Hyenas 108

7.3 Orca – Killer Whales 109

7.4 Vampire Bats 109

7.5 Monkeys 110

7.6 Prisoner’s Dilemma 110

7.7 Conclusion 115

References 115

8 Social Mobile Clouds 117

8.1 Introduction 117

8.2 Different Forms of Cooperation 118

8.3 Social Networks and Mobile Clouds 121

8.4 Cooperation in Relaying Networks: A Simple Example 128

8.5 Conclusion 129

References 130

Part Four GREEN ASPECTS OF MOBILE CLOUDS

9 Green Mobile Clouds: Making Mobile Devices More Energy Efficient 133

9.1 Introduction 133

9.2 Cooperative Download 138

9.3 Cooperative Streaming 150

9.4 Comparison of the Different Approaches 153

9.5 Conclusion and Outlook 154

9.6 Energy Gain for the Network Operator 156

9.7 Conclusion 157

References 157

Part Five APPLICATION OF MOBILE CLOUDS

10 Mobile Clouds Applications 161

10.1 Introduction 161

10.2 Forced Cooperation – Overlay Network 162

10.3 Technology–enabled Cooperation – Overlay Network 165

10.4 Socially–enabled Cooperation – Overlay Network 166

10.5 Altruism – Overlay Network 167

10.6 Forced Cooperation – Direct Mobile Cloud 167

10.7 Technically–enabled Cooperation – Direct Mobile Cloud 169

10.8 Socially–enabled Cooperation – Direct Mobile Cloud 173

10.9 Altruism: Direct Mobile Cloud 174

10.10 Industrial Activities 175

10.11 Conclusion 176

References 176

Part Six MOBILE CLOUDS: PROSPECTS AND CONCLUSIONS

11 Visions and Prospects 181

11.1 Some Insights on the Future Developments of Mobile Clouds 181

11.2 Mobile Clouds and Related Technology Developments 184

11.3 Promising Novel Applications of Mobile Clouds 187

11.4 Resource Sharing as one of the Pillars of Social Interaction: the Birth of Shareconomy 189

References 192

Index 193