Essential Orthodontics (Paperback)

List of Abbreviations vii

Preface ix

Acknowledgement xi

Part 1 Pretreatment Considerations 1

1 Orthodontic panorama 3
Birgit Linnea Thilander, Erik Krister Bjerklin and Lars Johan Bondemark

2 Classification of malocclusions 7
Lars Johan Bondemark

3 Craniofacial growth and development 21
Birgit Linnea Thilander

4 Diagnostic examinations 45
Erik Krister Bjerklin and Lars Johan Bondemark

Part 2 Treatment Principles of Skeletal and Dentoalveolar Anomalies 57

5 Sagittal, vertical and transversal discrepancies between the jaws 59
Lars Johan Bondemark

6 Crowding of teeth 81
Erik Krister Bjerklin and Lars Johan Bondemark

7 Spacing of teeth 93
Birgit Linnea Thilander and Erik Krister Bjerklin

8 Malposition of single teeth 101
Erik Krister Bjerklin

Part 3 Tissue Response to Orthodontic and Orthopaedic Forces 113

9 Tissue response to orthodontic forces 115
Brigit Linnea Thilander

10 Tissue response to orthopaedic forces 129
Birgit Linnea Thilander

11 Possible adverse tissue reactions 137
Birgit Linnea Thilander and Lars Johan Bondemark

12 Retention and post-retention outcome 149
Birgit Linnea Thilander, Erik Krister Bjerklin and Lars Johan Bondemark

Index 157