[eBook Code] Universities as Complex Enterprises (eBook Code, 1st)

· 제목 : [eBook Code] Universities as Complex Enterprises (eBook Code, 1st) (How Academia Works, Why It Works These Ways, and Where the University Enterprise Is Headed)
· 분류 : 외국도서 > 기술공학 > 기술공학 > 전자공학 > 일반
· ISBN : 9781119245360
· 쪽수 : 224쪽
· 출판일 : 2016-05-31

Preface xi

1 Introduction and Overview 1

Overall Approach 4

Universities as Complex Systems 5

Complex Adaptive Systems 6

Universities as Complex Adaptive Systems 8

Nonlinear, Dynamic Behavior 8

Independent Agents 8

Goals and Behaviors That Differ or Conflict 8

Intelligent and Learning Agents 9

Self‐Organization 9

No Single Point(s) of Control 9

Implications 9

Overview of Chapters 10

Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview 10

Chapter 2: Evolution of the Research University 10

Chapter 3: Mission and Structure 10

Chapter 4: Leadership and Governance 11

Chapter 5: Administration 11

Chapter 6: Money and Space 11

Chapter 7: Promotion and Tenure 11

Chapter 8: Education Programs 12

Chapter 9: Research and Intellectual Property 12

Chapter 10: Rankings and Brand Value 12

Chapter 11: Transformation Scenarios 12

Chapter 12: Exploring the Future 13

References 13

2 Evolution of the Research University 15

Early Universities in Europe 16

University of Bologna 16

University of Paris 17

University of Oxford 17

University of Padua 17

University of Cambridge 18

Summary 18

Early Universities in America 19

Humboldt’s Innovation 19

Morrill Acts 20

Bush and NSF 22

Engineering Science 24

Today’s Research Universities 24

Conclusions 26

References 27

3 Mission and Structure 29

Mission 29

Athletics 31

Structure 32

Ecosystem: Society and Government 32

Structure: Campuses, Colleges, Schools, and Departments 33

Processes: Education, Research, and Service 34

Practices: Education, Research, and Service 35

Research Centers 35

Appointments 38

Conclusions 39

References 39

4 Leadership and Governance 41

Leadership 42

Leadership and Change 42

Leadership and Time 44

Stewards of the Status Quo 46

Leading Research Centers 48

Leadership Experiences 49

Governance 51

Governing Boards 51

Administration and Faculty 51

Other Players 52

Governance Experiences 52

Conclusions 55

References 55

5 Administration 57

Number of Administrators and Costs 59

Performance Evaluation 61

Conflict Management 64

Conflicts within Organizations 64

Conflicts across Organizations 64

People Conflicts 65

Compliance and Abuse 66

Marketing and Communications 66

Book Series 67

The Costs of Conformity 67

Conclusions 68

References 69

6 Money and Space 71

Economics of Higher Education 72

Value of Education 72

Economists’ Views 73

Government Subsidies 74

Higher Education Bubble 74

Public Endowment 75

Costs of Higher Education 75

Cost Disease 75

Cost Analyses 76

Indirect Costs 77

Staffing Patterns 77

Student and Institutional Debt 78

Revenue: Tuition 79

Revenue: Government Dependencies 80

Revenue: Fundraising 81

Fundraising Experiences 82

Summary 83

Lessons Learned 83

Overall Economic Model 85

Space 86

Conclusions 87

References 87

7 Promotion and Tenure 89

Nature and Roles of Faculty 90

Academic Disciplines 90

Faculty Impact 91

TT versus NTT Faculty 92

Availability of Faculty Positions 92

Faculty Turnover 93

Nature of Tenure Decisions 95

Promotion and Tenure Experiences 97

What Really Counts 98

Making the Case 98

Model of Tenure Decision Making 99

Conclusions 103

References 103

8 Education Programs 105

Stem Challenges 106

Student Population 106

Value of Education 107

Degree Programs 108

Curricula and Courses 109

Delivery of Education 110

Teaching Experiences 112

Workforce Model 114

Conclusions 118

References 119

9 Research and Intellectual Property 121

Challenges 122

Peer Review 122

Bibliometrics 122

Funding 124

Research Experiences 125

Libraries and Networks 125

Limits of Modeling 125

Healthcare Delivery 126

Interactive Visualization 126

Government Sponsors 127

Industry Sponsors 127

Research Model 128

Submission of Articles 128

Citation of Articles 130

Submission of Proposals 131

Overall Model 132

Intellectual Property 135

Spin‐Off Experiences 135

Conclusions 137

References 137

10 Rankings and Brand Value 139

Ranking Schemes 140

Example of Moving Up 142

Determinants of Rankings 143

Brand Value 146

Model of Brand Value 146

More on Metrics 148

Example 149

Conclusions 150

References 151

11 Transformation Scenarios 153

Forces for Change 153

Costs and Benefits 154

Globalization 154

A Tsunami of Talent 156

Technology 157

Organizational Change 158

Theory and Practice 159

Four Scenarios 160

Driving Forces 161

Clash of Titans 161

Hot, Flat, and Crowded 162

Lifespan Mecca 162

Network U. 163

Implications 163

Transforming Academia 164

Clash of Titans 165

Hot, Flat, and Crowded 165

Lifespan Mecca 166

Network U. 166

How Change Happens 167

Conclusions 168

References 169

12 Exploring the Future 173

Sensitivity Analyses 176

Scenario Variations 180

Clash of Titans 180

Hot, Flat, and Crowded 180

Lifespan Mecca 181

Network U. 181

Projections 182

Policy Implications 185

Across Scenarios 185

Within Scenarios 186

Summary 187

Extensions 187

Conclusions 189

References 189

Index 191