How Do You Know? : The Epistemological Foundations of 21st Century Literacy (Hardcover)

Preface: 'Clarifying the Mysteries of Intellectual Culture', by Gerald Graff Introduction: The Knowledge Gap 1. An Institutional History of Literacy Education Part I: A History of Education, Democracy, and Culture War 2. The Authority of Tradition: Schooling, Books, and the Development of Literacy 3. Culture Wars: Literacy, Schooling, and the Development of Democracy 4. Discontent with Democracy: Culture Wars in U. S. Part II: Subjectivity, Culture, and Bounded Rationality 5. Oral Culture and the Development of Literacy 6. The Concept of Culture 7. The Subjective Truth of Fiction 8. Bounded Rationality: The Problems of Subjective Knowledge 9. Culture, Common Sense, and the News Media 10. Is This Story True? Bias in the News Media Part III: Philosophy, Science and the Development of Objectivity 11. Philosophy and the Development of Knowledge 12. Science and the Development of Objectivity 13. Provisional Truth: The Limitations of Science 14. Practical Reasoning: Solving the Problems of Everyday Life Part IV: The Limitations of Argument: Pluralism, Values, and Contested Communication 15. Culture Is a Debate 16. Understanding Cultural Values 17. Open Arguments and the Warrant Conclusion: The Virtues of Toleration and Democratic Deliberation Acknowledgements Bibliography Index