Retrieving the Ancients - An Introduction to Greek Philosophy (Paperback)

Introduction.

Two Reasons to Study Ancient Greek Philosophy.

The Organization and Strategy of This Book.

1: The Presocratics.

Preliminaries.

Before the Beginning: Hesiod.

The Ionian Philosophers of the Sixth Century.

a) The Beginning: Thales of Miletus.

b) The First Debate: Anaximander v. Anaximenes.

c) Sixth-Century Rationalism: Xenophanes and Pythagoras.

d) The Crisis of Sixth-Century Philosophy.

Heraclitus and Parmenides: Extreme Solutions.

a) Heraclitus: Lover of Flux.

b) Parmenides: Champion of Being.

Fifth-Century Elementalism.

a) Democritus: Atomic Theory.

b) Empedocles: Evolution.

c) Anaxagoras.

2: The Sophists and Socrates.

A New Beginning: The Sophists.

Protagoras.

Gorgias.

Socrates.

3: Plato.

Preliminaries.

Plato’s Critique of the Presocratics.

Plato’s Critique of the Sophists.

a) The “Self-Reference” Argument.

b) The Reductio ad Absurdum.

c) “What is it?”.

d) “The Old Quarrel:” Philosophy v. Sophistry.

Recollection.

a) The Phaedo.

b) The Meno.

The Divided Line and the Form of the Good.

a) The Divided Line.

b) The Form of the Good.

Eros.

The Political Implications of the Forms.

4: Aristotle.

Preliminaries.

Aristotle’s Conception of Nature.

a) “By Nature”.

b) Form and Matter.

c) The Four Causes.

Aristotle’s Psychology.

Teleological Ethics.

a) Moral Virtue.

b) Intellectual Virtue.

Natural Politics.

a) The Political Animal.

b) Best Life; Best City.

Conclusion.

References.

Index