The Reticuloendothelial System: A Comprehensive Treatise Volume 7b Physiology (Paperback, Softcover Repri)

IV. Regulation and Macrophage Secretions.- 1. Endocrinelike Activities of the RES: An Overview.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Macrophage Factors Regulating Lymphocyte Functions.- 2.1. Interleukin 1 (Lymphocyte-Activating Factor).- 2.2. Thymic Maturation Factor.- 2.3. Genetically Related Factor.- 2.4. Interferon.- 2.5. Glucocorticoid Response-Modifying Factor.- 2.6. Prostaglandins and Oxygen Metabolites.- 3. Macrophage Factors Regulating Nonlymphoid Cells.- 3.1. Leukocytic Endogenous Mediator (Endogenous Pyrogen).- 3.2. Synovial Cell- and Chondrocyte-Stimulating Factors.- 3.3. Serum Amyloid A-Inducing Factor.- 3.4. Fibroblast-Activating Factor and Corneal Cell Factor.- 3.5. Glucocorticoid-Antagonizing Factor and Macrophage Insulinlike Activity.- 4. Macrophage Factors Regulating Cells of the RES.- 4.1. Colony-Stimulating Factor and Factor Inducing Monocytopoiesis.- 4.2. Interferon.- 4.3. Prostaglandins.- 5. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 2. Regulation of Complement Synthesis in Mononuclear Phagocytes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Historical.- 3. Systems Used to Assay for Synthesis of Complement Proteins.- 4. Regulation of Complement Synthesis by Mononuclear Phagocytes.- 4.1. Posttranslational Modification.- 4.2. Effect of Agents Used to Induce a Peritoneal Exudate.- 4.3. Percentage of Mononuclear Phagocytes That Synthesize Complement.- 4.4. Effect of Phagocytosis.- 4.5. Kinetics of Complement Production by Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes and the Effect of Lymphokine on the Rate and Extent of Production.- 4.6. Effect of Culture Surfaces on Capacity of Macrophages and Monocytes to Produce Complement.- 4.7. Effect of Cortisone and Cyclophosphamide.- 4.8. Alteration of Complement Synthesis during Disease States.- 4.9. Miscellaneous.- References.- 3. The Synthesis of Arachidonic Acid Oxygenation Products by Macrophages.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Synthesis of Arachidonic Acid Oxygenation Products via the Cyclooxygenase Pathway in Mononuclear Phagocytes.- 2.1. Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages.- 2.2. Regulation of Prostaglandin Synthesis by Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages.- 2.3. The Phospholipases of Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages.- 2.4. Prostaglandin Synthesis by Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages Is Dependent on RNA and Protein Synthesis.- 2.5. Variations in the Nature and Extent of Cyclooxygenase Product Formation by Resident and Elicited Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages and Mononuclear Phagocytes from Other Sources in the Mouse.- 2.6. The Synthesis of Products of the Cyclooxygenase Pathway by Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes.- 3. Synthesis of Lipoxygenase Pathway Products by Macrophages.- 4. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 4. Lysosomal Hydrolases.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Monocyte Granules.- 3. From Monocytes to Macrophages.- 4. The Lysosomal Apparatus of Macrophages.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Subcellular Fractionation of Alveolar Macrophages.- 4.3. Subcellular Fractionation of Peritoneal Macrophages and Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages.- 4.4. Ultrastructure of Alveolar and Peritoneal Macrophages.- 5. Lysosomal Enzyme Levels in Differentiating Macrophages.- 6. The Release of Lysosomal Enzymes from Macrophages.- 6.1. Release into Phagocytic Vacuoles.- 6.2. Release by Secretion.- 7. Stimulus-Induced Secretion of Lysosomal Enzymes.- 7.1. Induction by Phagocytosis.- 7.2. Induction by Nonphagocytic Stimuli.- 7.3. The Mechanism of Lysosomal Enzyme Secretion by Macrophages.- References.- 5. Macrophage Neutral Proteinases: Nature, Regulation, and Role.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Nature of Macrophage Neutral Proteinases.- 2.1. Background.- 2.2. General Aspects.- 2.3. Plasminogen Activator.- 3. Localization of Macrophage Neutral Proteinases.- 3.1. General Considerations.- 3.2. Plasminogen Activator.- 4. Regulation of Neutral Proteinase Activities in Macrophages.- 4.1. General Considerations.- 4.2. Inflammation.- 4.3. Endotoxin.- 4.4. Surface Receptors and Endocytosis.- 4.5. Immune Regulation.- 4.6. Colony-Stimulating Factors.- 4.7. Hormonal and Pharmacological Control.- 4.8. Pro