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· 분류 : 외국도서 > 과학/수학/생태 > 과학 > 에너지
· ISBN : 9781482240245
· 쪽수 : 448쪽
· 출판일 : 2020-04-01
목차
Overview
Generating station. Energy sources. Prime movers. Generators. Transformers. Trans-mission and Distribution. Loads. Electrical consumers.
Part I. Electricity
Demand for Electricity
Load and demand. Regional demand forecasting. Connected load. Load curves. Load-duration curves. Demand factor. Load factor. Diversity factor. Coincidence factor.
Supply of Electricity
Strategy for matching loads. Baseload plants. Intermediate plants. Peaking plants. Operating reserves. Availability factor. Plant operating factor. Plant capacity factor. Plant use factor.
Cost of Electricity
Cost of electricity. Capital investment. Fixed costs. Variable costs. Depreciation. Levelized costs. Utility rate structures.
Part II. Energy Sources
Chemical Fuels
Solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels. Combustion and oxidation. Enthalpy and free energy. Upper and lower heating values. Combustion byproducts. Sulfur. Nitrous oxides. Costs. Environmental considerations.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel isotopes. Fission. Fusion. Radioactive decay. Breeding. Nuclear energetics.
Fuel cycles. Costs. Environmental considerations.
Water
Hydrologic cycle. Tides. Hydrographs. Flow duration curves. Mass flow curves. Run-of-river sites. Impoundment sites. Environmental considerations.
Wind
Earth's atmosphere. Wind power density. Betz limit. Boundary layer. Histograms. Weibull statistics. Rayleigh statistics. Site evaluation. Environmental considerations.
Solar Irradiation
Solar spectrum. Blackbody radiation. Earth's orbit and rotation. Apparent solar path. Solar angles. Clear-sky insolation. Reflection, absorption, transmission. Weather reflects. Solar data sources. Site evaluation. Costs. Environmental considerations.
Geothermal Energy
Geothermal resources. Hydrothermal sources. Geopressurized sources. Magma sources. Enhanced geothermal sources. OTEC sources. Site evaluation. Costs. Environmental considerations.
Part III. Prime Movers
Heat Engines
Generic heat engine. Thermal efficiency. Carnot cycle efficiency. Real heat engines. Vapor turbines. Gas turbines. Diesel engines. Gasoline engines. Stirling engines. Thermoelectric generators. Fixed costs. Variable costs.
Water Turbines
Flow energy. Turbine characteristics. Pelton turbines. Francis turbines. Kaplan turbines. Bulb turbines. Control systems. Penstocks. Draft tubes. Fixed costs. Variable costs.
Wind Turbines
Classification of wind turbines. Tower height. Blade aerodynamics. Blade materials. Directional control. Pitch control. Hub design. Generators. Braking. Grid integration. Fixed costs. Variable costs.
Electrochemical Systems
Electrochemical cells. Primary batteries. Secondary batteries. Fuel cells. Free energy and voltage. Reduction half-cells. Inverters. Grid integration. Fixed costs. Variable costs.
Photovoltaics
Generic photovoltaic cell. Modules. Arrays. Photovoltaic materials. Crystalline silicon. Thin films. Inverters. Grid integration. Fixed costs. Variable costs.
Part IV. Power Grids
Generators
Simple AC generators. Three-phase AC generators. Stators. Rotors. Exciters. Delta and wye connections. Efficiency.
Transformers
Faraday's law. Primary and secondary windings. Voltage and current ratios. Autotrans-formers. Multi-winding transformers. Three-phase transformers. Efficiency. Regulation. Transformer ratings.
Transmission Systems
Transmission substations. Step-up transformers. Switches. Towers. Conductors. Insulators. Power lines. Switching stations. Direct current.
Distribution Systems
Distribution substations. Transformers. Regulators. Circuit breakers. Capacitors. Inductors. Switches. Buswork. Feeders. Overhead service. Underground service.
Electric Motors
Classification of motors. Synchronous motors. Induction motors. Nameplate specific actions. Power. Torque. Current. Efficiency. NEMA motors. De-rating.
Appendices
