The Psychology of Language : From Data to Theory (Hardcover, 4 ed)

Preface. How to Use this Book. Section A. Introduction. 1. The Study of Language. Introduction. WhyStudyLanguage and Why Is It So Difficult? What is Language? How Has Language Changed Over Time? What is Language For? The History and Methods of Psycholinguistics. Models in Psycholinguistics. Language and the Brain. Themes and Controversies. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 2. Describing Language. Introduction. How to Describe Speech Sounds. Consonants. Vowels. Syllables. Linguistic Approaches to Syntax. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. Section B.The Biological and Developmental Bases of Language. 3. The Foundations of Language. Introduction. Where Did Language Come From? Do Animals Have Language? The Biological Basis of Language. Is There a Critical Period for Language Development? The Cognitive Basis of Language. The Social Basis of Language. What is the Relation Between Language and Thought? Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 4. Language Development. Introduction.What Drives Language Development.The Language Acquisition Device. Phonological Development. Syntactic Development. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 5. Bilingualism and Second Language Acquisition. Introduction. Bilingualism. Second Language Acquisition. Evaluation of Work on Bilingualism and Second Language Acquisition. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further reading. Section C.Word Recognition. 6. Recognizing Visual Words. Introduction. Basic Methods and Findings.What Makes Word Recognition Easier (or Harder)? Attentional Processes in Visual Word Recognition. Do Different Tasks Give Consistent Results? IsThere a Dedicated VisualWord Recognition System? Meaning-based Facilitation of Visual Word Recognition. Processing Morphologically Complex Words. Models of Visual Word Recognition. Coping with Lexical Ambiguity. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 7. Reading. Introduction. The Writing System. A Preliminary Model of Reading. The Processes of Normal Reading. The Neuroscience of Adult Reading Disorders. Models of Word Naming. Connectionism Models of Dyslexia. Comparison of Models. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 8. Learning to Read and Spell. Introduction. Normal Reading Development. Phonological Awareness. How Should Reading be Taught? Learning to Spell.Developmental Dyslexia. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 9. Understanding Speech. Introduction. Recognizing Speech. Models of Speech Recognition. The Neuroscience of Spoken Word Recognition. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. F urther Reading. Section D.Meaning and Using Language. 10. Understanding the Structure of Sentences. Introduction. Dealing with Structural Ambiguity. Early work on Parsing. Processing Structural Ambiguity. Gaps, Traces, and Unbounded Dependencies. The Neuroscience of Parsing. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 11. Word Meaning. Introduction. Classic Approaches to Semantics. Semantic Networks. Semantic Features. Family Resemblance Models. Combining Concepts. Figurative Language. The Neuroscience of Semantics. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 12. Comprehension. Introduction. Memory for Text and Inferences. Inferences. References and Ambiguity. Models of Text Processing. Individual Differences in Comprehension Skills. The Neuroscience of Text and Discourse Processing. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. Section E.Production and Other Aspects of Language. 13. Language Production. Introduction. Slips of the Tongue. Syntactic Planning. Lexicalization. Phonological Encoding. The Analysis of Hesitations. The Neuroscience of Speech Production. Writing and Agraphia. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 14. How Do We Use Language? Introduction. Making Inferences in Conversation. The Structure of Conversation. Collaboration in Dialog. Sound and Vision. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 15. The Structure of the Language System. Introduction. What are the Modules of Language? How Many Lexicons are There? Language and Short-term Memory. Summary. Some Questions to Think About. Further Reading. 16. New Directions. Introduction. Themes in Psycholinguistics Revisited. Some Growth Areas? Conclusion. Appendix: Connectionism. Interactive Activation Models. Back-propagation. Further Reading. Glossary. Example of Sentence Analysis. References. Author Index. Subject Index.