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· 분류 : 외국도서 > 언어학 > 언어학 > 일반
· ISBN : 9783031150104
· 쪽수 : 271쪽
· 출판일 : 2022-12-08
목차
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Section 1 Getting started with L2 writing
Chapter 1 Introduction
Starting from definitions
Key terms
Writing meaning 1: A technology for recording language
Writing meaning 2: Putting writing to use
Writing and assessment
Access to writing
Other meanings of writing: Speech, script, text and profession
Conclusions: defining L2 writing for assessment
References
Section 2 Getting writers to write
Chapter 2 Public education, rhetoric, and examinations
Writing at home, at school and in the public sphere
Origins of L2 writing assessment
Examinations in modern languages
Composition in written examinations
Conclusions: The nineteenth century legacy
References
Chapter 3 The rise of the language test
Scientific management in education
Educational psychology and the new era of educational measurementLinguistic science enters the fray
The birth of language testing
Conclusions: the impact of the efficiency movement
References
Chapter 4 Assessment trends and the revival of writing
Putting the ingredients together again: Alternatives to standardized testing
Composition studies
The widening scope of applied linguistics
Conclusions: Communicative competence
References
Chapter 5 Shifting views of L2 writing
L2 writing as distinct from communicative language ability
Criticisms of contemporary L2 writing tests
Portfolio assessment and writing portfolios
Conclusions for section 2: Getting L2 writers to write
References
Section 3 Judging language learners’ writing
Chapter 6 Compelling consensus: from mark schemes to the scaling of samples
Compositions and the new-type testing revolution
Scaling samples
The quest for reliability
Conclusions: Achieving efficiency of scoring in the US and Europe
References
Chapter 7 Rating scales and beyond
From the method of samples to descriptor-based scales
Classifying raters
Keeping track of learning
Outcomes-based assessment
The triumph of technology
Questioning reliability
Conclusions: the uses and consequences of L2 writing assessment
References
Index
