Oscillatory Stability of Converter-Dominated Power Systems (Hardcover, 2024)

Preface?Acknowledgments?Contents?About the Authors??
PART I Terms, Definitions, and Classifications of Power System Oscillatory Stability?
Chapter 1 Introduction to Power System Oscillatory Stability?1.1 Converter-dominated power systems and oscillatory stability?1.1.1 Structure of converter-dominated power system?1.1.2 Wideband oscillatory stability1.2 Real-world wideband oscillation events1.2.1 Event # 1: Ajo 2009 events?1.2.2 Event # 2: ERCOT 2017 events?1.2.3 Event # 3: Guyuan wind power system?1.2.4 Event # 4: Hami wind power system?1.2.5 Event # 5: Zhangbei MTDC renewable energy system?1.2.6 Event # 6: LuXi MMC-HVDC system?1.3 Summary of consequences of the oscillation events?1.3.1 Equipment damage?1.3.2 Unplanned power outage?1.3.3 Reduced power quality??1.4 Characteristics of the wideband oscillation??1.4.1 Distinct oscillation magnitude and frequency?1.4.2 Growing and sustained oscillations?1.4.3 Time-varying magnitude and frequency??1.4.4 Coupled and dominant oscillation modes??1.4.5 Multiple oscillation mode pairs1.5 Challenges?1.5.1 Continuously emerging mechanisms and phenomena?1.5.2 How to define and classify?1.5.3 Modeling challenges?1.5.4 Analysis challenges?1.5.5 Control challenges??1.6 Chapter summary?
Chapter 2 Terms, Classifications, and Mechanisms of Wideband Oscillations2.1 Historical developments of oscillatory stability?2.1.1 Classic SSR problems?2.1.2 Emerging wideband control interactions?2.2 Power system stability classifications?2.2.1 Original classification of 2004 and its extension in 2020?2.2.2 Power system stability classification - authors' perspective2.3 Mechanism-based classification of wideband oscillations?2.3.1 Torsional interaction??2.3.2 LC oscillation or network resonance?2.3.3 Converter-grid or converter-converter interaction?2.3.4 Coupling mechanism of oscillations?2.4 Recommended process to investigate WBO2.5 Chapter summary?
PART II Modeling and Analysis Methods with Real-World Use Cases?
Chapter 3 Modeling Methods?3.1 Structure and components of a typical converter-dominated power system?3.2 Modeling methods and classification?3.2.1 Modeling philosophy?3.2.2 Classification of modeling methods?3.3 Analytical impedance modeling?3.3.1 Impedance modeling of basic circuit elements3.3.2 Order of the impedance model matrix?3.3.3 Coordinate system of impedance models?3.4 Measurement-based impedance modeling?3.5 Impedance modeling of GFL-controlled VSI?3.5.1 Description and control structure?3.5.2 IM of GFL-VSIs for sub/super-synchronous oscillations?3.5.3 IM of GFL-VSIs for intermediate and high-frequency resonances3.6 Impedance modeling of GFM-controlled VSI?3.6.1 Description and control structure?3.6.2 IM of GFM-VSIs3.7 Operating point dependency of IMs?3.7.1 Measurement-based operating-point "coupled" impedance model of VSIs?3.7.2 Measurement-based operating-point "decoupled" impedance model3.8 Impedance modeling of converter-based devices?3.8.1 Impedance model of DFIG?3.8.2 Impedance model of PMSG?3.8.3 Impedance model of BESS?3.9 Impedance model of other power system components3.9.1 Overhead AC transmission lines?3.9.2 Impedance model of AC line modeled as lumped parameter?3.9.3 Impedance model of AC lines modeled as distributed parameter3.9.4 VSC/LCC-HVDC transmission lines?3.9.5 Synchronous generator?3.9.6 Transformer?3.9.7 Other components, shunt reactors, etc?3.10 Time-domain modeling methods?3.10.1 State-space modeling?3.10.2 Electromagnetic transient modeling?3.11 Chapter summary?
Chapter 4 Analysis Methods?4.1 Objectives and classifications of oscillatory stability analysis methods4.1.1 Objectives of the oscillatory stability analysis?4.1.2 Classification of stability analysis methods?4.2 Frequency domain analysis methods4.2.1 Nyquist criterion for source-load impedance system model?4.2.2 Frequency domain mode analysis based on impedance network model4.2.3 Aggregated impedance network model-based quantitative stability analysis??4.2.4 Equivalent RLC circuit-based quantitative stability analysis?4.2.5 Oscillatory stability analysis considering operating point variations4.2.6 Modeling requirements, limitations, and assumptions?4.3 Time domain analysis methods?4.3.1 State-space modeling and eigenvalue analysis?4.3.2 Electromagnetic transient modeling and simulation analysis4.3.3 Modeling requirements, limitations, and assumptions?4.4 Identifying of oscillation source and sink?4.5 Chapter Summary?
Chapter 5 Application Case: Oscillatory Stability Analysis of Type-4 Wind Power System?5.1 Type-4 wind farms connected to AC/DC network with nearby synchronous generators?5.1.1 Description of the Hami wind power system?5.1.2 July 1st, 2015 oscillation event?5.2 Frequency domain oscillatory stability analysis5.2.1 Aggregated impedance network model-based quantitative stability analysis?5.2.2 Equivalent RLC circuit-based analysis?5.2.3 Oscillatory stability region analysis5.3 Time-domain EMT simulation analysis?5.4 Identifying the source-sink of oscillation?5.5 Chapter summary?
PART III Control Methods with Real-world Implementations?
Chapter 6 Mitigation of Wideband Oscillation?6.1 Overview of mitigation methods?6.1.1 Planning and design6.1.2 Operation scheduling?6.1.3 Damping control techniques?6.1.4 Protection schemes6.2 New-type power system stabilizers (NPSSs)?6.2.1 Power system stabilizers (PSSs)6.2.2 New-type power system stabilizers (NPSSs)?6.2.3 General structure and design of linear NPSSs?6.3 Offline tuning of the NPSSs6.4 Online tracking of oscillation phasors and tuning of oscillations?6.4.1 Tracking of multiple oscillation phasors??6.4.2 Adaptive tuning of the NPSSs?6.5 NPSSs for existing converter-based devices?6.5.1 Application of NPSS-1 in Type-3 wind turbines?6.5.2 Application of NPSS-2 in Type-4 wind turbines6.5.3 Application of NPSS-3 in battery-energy storage system?6.5.4 Application of NPSS-3 in STATCOM?6.5.5 Application of NPSS-2 in HVDC converters??6.6 NPSS-4 with dedicated voltage-sourced converters?6.7 Comparative discussions?6.8 Challenges and opportunities?6.9 Chapter summary?
Chapter 7 Application Case: Mitigation of SSO in Type 3 Wind Power Systems7.1 Type-3 wind farms connected to a series-compensated network in Guyuan, Hebei, China?7.1.1 System description?7.1.2 Real-world SSO events?7.1.3 Oscillation source and time-frequency characteristics?7.2 Impedance reshaping controls?7.3 Rotor-side subsynchronous damping control (RSDC)?7.3.1 Control design?7.3.2 Controller-hardware-in-the-loop tests7.3.3 Performance validation?7.3.4 Field implementation?7.4 Grid-side subsynchronous damping control (GSDC)?7.4.1 Control design?7.4.2 Controller-hardware-in-the-loop tests7.4.3 Performance validation?7.4.4 Field implementation?7.5 Adaptive GSDC - EMT software simulations?7.5.1 Adaptive control design?7.5.2 EMT software simulations?7.6 Chapter summary?
Chapter 8 Application Case: Mitigation of HFR in MMC-HVDC System8.1 Luxi MMC-HVDC system?8.1.1 Description of the Luxi system?8.1.2 Occurrence conditions and the HFO event?8.2 Impedance analysis and location of notch filters?8.3 Design of adaptive notch filters?8.3.1 Tracking of high-frequency oscillation modes?8.3.2 Activation of adaptive notch filters?8.3.3 Parameter setting module8.4 Performance validation through EMT simulations?8.4.1 Case 1?8.4.2 Case 2?8.4.3 Case 38.5 Chapter summary?References?