Spatial Similarity Relations in Multi-Scale Map Spaces (Hardcover)

Preface.- Introduction.- Background and Motivation.- Significances of Spatial Similarity Relations.- Theory of Spatial Relations.- Spatial Description, Spatial Reasoning and Spatial Query/Retrieval.- Spatial Recognition.- Automated Map Generalization.- Classification of Objects in Multi-scale Map Spaces.- Definitions of Map Scale Change.- Research Objectives.- Scope of the Study.- Book Outline.- Literature Review and Analysis.- Definitions of Similarity.- Definitions of Similarity in Various Fields.- Critical Analysis of the Definitions.- Features of Similarity.- Features of Similarity in Different Fields.- Critical Analysis of the Features.- Classification for Spatial Similarity Relations.- Calculation Models/Measures for Similarity Degree.- Models in Psychology.- Models/measures in Computer Science.- Models/measures in Music.- Models/measures in Geography.- Critical Analyses of Existing Models/Measures.- Raster-based Approaches for Map Similarity Comparison.- Per Category Comparison Method.- Kappa Comparison Method.- Fuzzy Kappa Approach.- Fuzzy Inference System.- Fuzzy Comparison with Unequal Resolutions.- Aggregated Cells.- Moving Window-based Structure.- Numerical Comparison Methods.- Chapter Summary.- Concepts of Spatial Similarity Relations in Multi-scale Map Spaces.- Definitions.- Definitions of Similarity Relation.- Definitions of Spatial Similarity Relation.- Definitions of Spatial Similarity Relation in Multi-scale Map Spaces.- Definition of Difference.- Features.- Equality.- Finiteness.- Minimality.- Auto-similarity.- Symmetry (Reflectivity).- Non-transitivity.- Weak Symmetry.- Asymmetry.- Triangle Inequality.- Scale-dependence.- Factors in Similarity Judgments.- Factors for Individual Objects.- Factors for Object Groups.- Psychological Tests for Determining the Weights of the Factors.- Classification.- A Classification System of Spatial Similarity Relations in Geographic Spaces.- A Classification System of Spatial Similarity Relations on Line Maps.- Chapter Summary.- Models for Calculating Spatial Similarity Degrees in Multi-scale Map Spaces.- Models for Individual Objects.- Model for Individual Point Objects.- Model for Individual Linear Objects.- Model for Individual Areal Objects.- Models for Object Groups.- Model for Point Clouds.- Model for Parallel Line Clusters.- Model for Intersected Line Networks.- Model for Tree-like Networks.- Model for Discrete Polygon Groups.- Model for Connected Polygon Groups.- Model for Calculating Spatial Similarity Degrees between Maps.- Similarity in Topological Relations.- Similarity in Direction Relations.- Similarity in Metric Distance Relations.- Similarity in Attributes.- Chapter Summary.- Model Validations.- General Approaches to Model Validation.- Strategies for Validating The New Models.- Psychological Experiment Design.- Samples in Psychological Experiments.- Rules Obeyed in Sample Selection.- Samples Used.- Statistical Analysis and Discussion.- Chapter Summary.- Applications of Spatial Similarity Relations in Map Generalization.- Relations between Map Scale Change and Spatial Similarity Degree.- Description of the Problem.- Conceptual Framework for Solving the Problem.- Formulae for Map Scale Change and Spatial Similarity Degree.- Individual Point Objects.- Individual Linear Objects.- Individual Areal Objects.- Point Clouds.- Parallel Line Clusters.- Intersected Line Networks.- Tree-like Networks.- Discrete Polygon Groups.- Connected Polygon Groups.- Maps.- Discussion about the Formulae.- Approach to Automatically Terminate a Procedure in Map Generalization.- Calculation of the Distance Tolerance in the Douglas-Peucker Algorithm.- The Douglas-Peucker Algorithm and Its Disadvantages.- Approach to Calculating the Distance Tolerance for the Douglas-Peucker Algorithm.- An Example for Testing the Approach.-Chapter Summary.- Conclusions.- Overall Summary.- Contributions.- Limitations.- Recommendations for Further Research Appendix A - List of Basic Logic Symbols