The Path to a Modern Economics: Dealing with the Complexity of Economic Systems (Paperback)

1. Trends and Changes in Economies.- 1.1. Towards Modern Economic Systems - Changes in Mindsets.- 1.2. Towards Modern Economic Systems - Changes in Structures.- 1.3. Risk Reduction and the Role of the Public Sector.- 1.4. Analyzing Complex Economic Systems.- 2. Individual, Economic Environment, and Mutual Relation.- 2.1. Equilibrium or Process, and the Value of Goods.- 2.2. An Approach to a World of Scarcity.- 2.3. Suboptimal Outcomes within the Benchmark Framework.- 2.4. The Economic System Forcing Beneficial Results for Irrational Agents.- 2.5. What if Agents Directly Influence Each Others' Results.- 2.6. What if Agents Can Influence Others' Economic Environment.- 2.7. What if There is a Mutual Influence Between Individuals and Environment.- 2.8. What if There Are Relevant Aspects That Cannot Be Known in Advance.- 2.9. Structure Through Rules and Norms.- 2.10. Limitations of the Individual and Limitations from the Environment.- 2.11. Structure to Enable Activity, and Top-Down vs. Bottom-up Approaches to Formulating an Analytical Framework.- 3. The Functioning and the Functioning of Markets.- 3.1. Markets, and Individual Agents and Societies.- 3.2. Different Markets and Allocation, Effectiveness, and Change.- 3.3. Different Products and Different Markets.- 3.4. Specific Markets: Labor.- 3.5. Specific Markets: Finance.- 3.6. Specific Markets: Trade Relations.- 3.7. How to Utilize Markets for Societies.- 4. Unemployment as Economic Crises.- 4.1. Money and Inflation in Top-Down Perspectives.- 4.2. Longer Term Unemployment as a Possibility.- 4.3. Unemployment and Acute Crises as Normal Aspects of Economic Activity.- 4.4. Unemployment as a Permanent State in Economic Systems.- 4.5. Change as a Normal and Ongoing Outcome of Economic Activity.- 4.6. Different Perspectives on Crises in Economies.- 5. Frameworks for Economic Policies.- 5.1. Communicating Policy Proposals.- 5.2. Generic Microeconomic Policy Perspectives.- 5.3. Policies for Specific Markets - The Labor Market.- 5.4. Policies for Specific Markets - Financial Markets.- 5.5. Policies for Specific Markets - Cross-Border Relations: Trade and Development.- 5.6. Other Societal Arenas and Economic Activity.- 5.7. Policies Concerning Resource Utilization in Economies.- 5.8. Contrasting Frameworks for Achieving Economic Objectives.- 6. Final Considerations.-