Precast Concrete Structures [With CDROM] (Paperback)

Preface VII

Authors  IX

Preliminary remarks  1

Standards, leaflets and directives  2

1 General  5

1.1 The advantages of factory production  5

1.2 Historical development  6

1.3 European standardisation 9

2 Design of precast concrete structures  15

2.1 Boundary conditions for precast concrete design  16

2.1.1 Production process  16

2.1.2 Tolerances  16

2.1.3 Transport and erection  21

2.1.4 Fire protection  23

2.2 Stability of precast concrete structures  28

2.2.1 Arrangement of stability elements  28

2.2.2 Loads on stability elements 33

2.2.3 Distribution of horizontal loads 45

2.2.4 Verification of building stability  58

2.2.5 Structural design of floor diaphragms  62

2.2.6 Structural design of vertical stability elements  67

2.2.7 Design of perimeter ties to DIN 1045-1 72

2.3 Loadbearing elements 78

2.3.1 Suspended floor elements  78

2.3.2 Floor and roof beams 85

2.3.3 Columns  94

2.3.4 Walls  97

2.3.5 Foundations  99

2.4 Precast concrete façades 101

2.4.1 Environmental influences and the requirements of building physics  102

2.4.2 Façade design 104

2.4.3 Joint design 112

2.4.4 Façade fixings 116

2.4.5 Architectural façades  125

2.5 Connections 130

2.6 Current design issues 139

2.6.1 Additions to cross-sections, floors with concrete topping  139

2.6.2 Corbels and notched beam ends  143

2.6.3 Lateral buckling 156

2.6.4 Pad foundations 163

2.6.5 Design for fire 167

3 Joints between precast concrete elements 175

3.1 Compression joints  175

3.1.1 Butt joints 175

3.1.2 Zones of support to DIN 1045-1  180

3.1.3 Elastomeric bearings to DIN 4141  181

3.1.4 Elastomeric bearings to DIN EN 1337  188

3.2 Tension joints 190

3.2.1 Welded joints 190

3.2.2 Anchoring steel plates, dowels, studs and cast-in channels  193

3.2.3 Shear dowels 195

3.2.4 Screw couplers 198

3.2.5 Transport fixings 199

3.2.6 Retrofitted corbels 201

3.3 Shear joints 203

3.3.1 General 203

3.3.2 Floor diaphragms and wall plates – in-plane shear forces  204

3.3.3 Joints in suspended floor slabs – out-of-plane shear forces  209

4 Factory production  213

4.1 Production methods  213

4.2 Types of concrete in precast concrete construction 219

4.2.1 Processing properties 220

4.2.2 Strength 220

4.2.3 Self-compacting concrete (SCC)  223

4.2.4 Fibre-reinforced concrete  224

4.2.5 Coloured and structured concrete surfaces  225

4.3 Producing the concrete in the factory  227

4.3.1 Heat treatment and curing 227

4.3.2 Working hardened concrete surfaces 229

4.3.3 Coating and cladding 231

4.4 Installing the reinforcement in the factory  233

4.4.1 Round bars and meshes 233

4.4.2 Prestressing beds 237

4.5 Quality control 242

References  245

Index 259