A History of International Research Networking: The People Who Made It Happen (Hardcover)

· 제목 : A History of International Research Networking: The People Who Made It Happen (Hardcover) (The People Who Made It Happen)
· 분류 : 외국도서 > 의학 > 면역학
· ISBN : 9783527327102
· 쪽수 : 317쪽
· 출판일 : 2010-04-26

Foreword V

Preface XI

List of Contributors XIII

Color Plates XV

1 Early Days 1

1.1 The Starting Point 1

1.1.1 The Data Communications Scene 1

1.2 Protocols and Standards 2

1.2.1 Interim Standards 3

1.2.2 Open Systems Interconnection 3

1.2.3 The Internet Protocols 4

1.3 European Coordination 5

1.3.1 Identifying the Need 5

1.3.2 Preliminary Steps 5

1.3.3 The First European Networkshop 6

1.4 RARE: From Proposal to Reality 11

1.4.1 Laying the Foundations 11

1.4.2 The First Step for COSINE 12

1.4.3 The Second European Networkshop 13

1.4.4 The Birth of RARE 13

1.4.5 The End of the Beginning 14

1.5 EARN, the First International Service in Europe 15

1.5.1 Preparation and Constitution of EARN 17

1.6 IXI 21

2 The Role of Funding Bodies 27

2.1 EUREKA and COSINE 27

2.2 EC and National Governments 31

2.2.1 Impact on the Internal COSINE Debates 33

3 Organized Cooperation 39

3.1 The Activities of RARE 39

3.2 The Gestation of DANTE 41

3.2.1 The Process and the Structure 43

3.2.2 Relationships with Other Bodies 45

3.2.3 Management and Staff 50

3.3 RARE and EARN: the Merger 52

3.4 RARE, EARN and TERENA 56

3.5 DANTE and TERENA 60

3.6 The Future of TERENA 62

3.7 The Value of COSINE 64

3.7.1 The Importance of the Achievements 65

3.7.2 COSINE Epilogue 67

3.8 RIPE and the RIPE NCC 68

4 Different Approaches 73

4.1 HEPnet 73

4.2 DECnet 77

4.3 EUnet 78

4.3.1 Precursors 79

4.3.2 The Network Grows Quickly 83

4.3.3 Cooperation with Emerging European Research and Academic Networks 84

4.4 Ebone 86

4.5 EMPB, European Multi-Protocol Backbone 93

4.6 EuropaNET 102

5 The Interviews 111

5.1 Dai Davies 111

5.2 Kees Neggers and Boudewijn Nederkoorn 118

5.3 Klaus Ullmann 126

6 The Bandwidth Breakthrough 135

6.1 TEN-34 135

6.2 TEN-155 and QUANTUM 142

6.2.1 TEN-155 Takes Shape 144

6.2.2 Intercontinental and External Connectivity 150

6.2.3 The QUANTUM Test Program 151

6.3 Relations with Telecom Operators 152

6.4 Relations with Equipment Suppliers 154

6.4.1 Research and Education Networks as a Market 154

6.4.2 The Research and Education Community as a Technology Incubator 155

6.4.3 Research and Education Networks Need for Interoperability 158

7 Support for Applications 163

7.1 Security and CERTs 163

7.1.1 Establishing a Regional Identity 165

7.1.2 Today.s Activities 168

7.1.3 The Trusted Introducer Service 169

7.2 COSINE Sub-Projects 170

7.3 Grids 175

8 Regional Perspectives 179

8.1 NORDUnet 179

8.1.1 EARN, First Steps in European Collaboration 180

8.1.2 RARE, Harmonizing European Development 181

8.1.3 Ebone, the First Pan-European IP Backbone 182

8.1.4 NSF, the American Connection 183

8.1.5 DANTE, Coordinating European Networking 184

8.1.6 Internet2, towards New Applications 185

8.1.7 The 6NET Project, Testing IPv6 186

8.1.8 GLIF and Lambda Networking, the New Light 187

8.2 CEEC 189

8.2.1 External Support 189

8.2.2 The EC.s PHARE Program 190

8.2.3 National Infrastructures 191

8.2.4 Pan-European Connectivity of the CEEC 192

8.2.5 European Projects 193

8.2.6 The Significance of GÉANT 194

8.3 Asia and Pacific 194

8.3.1 Leased Line Connections 195

8.3.2 Trans-Eurasia Information Network 196

8.3.3 Trans-Siberia Link in the 2000s 197

8.3.4 Network Development 197

8.4 South East Europe and the Mediterranean 199

8.4.1 GRNET/Greece and SEEREN 199

8.4.2 ILAN/Israel 201

8.4.3 EUMEDCONNECT 203

8.5 Latin America 204

8.5.1 A Very Brief History of Academic Networking in Latin America 206

8.5.2 The ALICE Project and the RedCLARA Network 207

8.5.3 New and Greatly Improved Research Networks in Latin America 211

8.5.4 Collaborative Networked Applications in Latin America 213

8.5.5 The Future of the Latin American Regional Network 214

8.6 Russia 215

8.6.1 The Origins of the Main Russian Research Networks 215

9 Transatlantic Connections 221

9.1 The ‘‘Welcome Guest’’ Period 221

9.2 The Partnership Period 228

9.2.1 Euro-Link 228

9.2.2 GLIF - Global Lambda Integrated Facility 229

9.2.3 TransLight/StarLight 230

9.2.4 GLIF, Grids and the Future 231

10 A European Achievement 235

10.1 GÉANT 235

10.2 GÉANT2, Creation of the First International Hybrid Network 242

10.2.1 The Gestation Period 242

10.2.2 Complex Procurement 243

10.2.3 Roll-Out and Migration 245

10.2.4 Switched Point-to-Point (p2p) Connections 245

10.2.5 Cost Sharing 247

10.2.6 Cross Border Initiatives 248

10.2.7 Global Connectivity 249

10.2.8 Conclusion 249

10.3 The Impact of Research Networking 250

10.3.1 The Impact on Individuals 250

10.3.2 The Impact on Commerce 251

10.3.3 The Impact on Entertainment 251

10.3.4 The Impact on the Telecommunications Industry 252

10.3.5 The Impact on Education and Research 253

10.3.6 The Impact on the Environment 254

10.3.7 The Political Impact 254

10.3.8 The Impact on Standard Development Method 255

10.3.9 Conclusion 257

Further Reading 259

Appendix A: The People who Made it Happen 261

Appendix B: List of NREN Managers 273

Appendix C: List of Network Names 279

Appendix D: List of Acronyms 283

Appendix E: List of Terms 293

Appendix F: List of Units 303

Index of Names 305

Subject Index 307

Picture Credits 317