Solar-Terrestrial Physics: Principles and Theoretical Foundations Based Upon the Proceedings of the Theory Institute Held at Boston College, August 9- (Paperback, Softcover Repri)

'The Solar-Terrestrial System.- Solar System Magnetohydrodynamics: Concepts and Basic Equations.- Solar System Magnetohydrodynamics.- I. The Macroscopic Equations of Plasma.- From Particles to Fluids.- Phase Space Density.- The Continuity Equation in Phase Space.- The Boltzmann Equation.- Liouville's Theorem.- Forming the Macroscopic Variables.- Derivation of the Macroscopic Equations.- The Field Equations.- The Conservation Equations.- Inclusion of Neutral Particle Interactions.- The Prognostic Equation for Scalar Pressure.- Temperature and Related Concepts.- Return to the Prognostic Equation for Scalar Pressure.- Adiabatic, Isentropic, and Polytropic Flows.- The Bernoulli Equation.- Divergence of the Anisotropic Pressure Tensor.- Single Particle Drifts and the Euler Equation.- Limitations to the Use of the Macroscopic Equations.- II. The Hydromagnetic Approximation and Its Consequences.- The Generalized Ohm's Law.- Charge Neutrality and Related Approximations.- Poynting's Theorem in the Hydromagnetic Limit.- Equipotential Fieldlines and Streamlines in Steady-State Hydromagnetic Flows.- Freezing Laws.- Thawing of Magnetic Flux.- The Generalized Vorticity Theorem.- The MHD Helmholtz Equation.- The Double Adiabatic Invariants.- III. MHD Waves and Discontinuities.- Linearized Plane Waves in an Isotropic Magnetized Plasma.- MHD Discontinuities.- Shock Waves 1: Ordinary (non-MHD) Shock Waves.- Shock Waves 2: Parallel Shocks.- Shock Waves 3: Perpendicular Shocks.- Shock Waves 4: Oblique Intermediate Mode Shocks.- Shock Waves 5: Oblique Fast and Slow Mode Shocks.- IV. MHD Instabilities.- The Firehose and Mirror Instabilities.- The Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability.- The Magnetospheric Interchange Instability.- Solar and Interplanetary Physics.- Generation of Solar Magnetic Fields.- Theories of Magnetic Field Origins.- Induction Equations.- Short-Sudden Approximation.- Cyclonic Convection.- Induction in the Earth.- Other Dynamo Effects.- Magnetic Field of the Sun.- Heating Of the Outer Solar Atmosphere.- The Solar Magnetic Field.- Heating of the Corona.- Model for Magnetic Merging.- Idealized Problem.- Application to the Sun.- Alternative Mechanisms.- Conclusion.- Hydromagnetic Waves in the Interplanetary Medium.- Equations of Magnetohydrodynamics.- An Exact Solution - Alfvenic Fluctuations.- Classification of Wave Modes - Simple Waves.- Geometrical Hydromagnetics.- Alfven Wave Pressure.- Hydromagnetic Turbulence in the Interplanetary Medium.- Some Comments on the Theory of Fluid Turbulence.- Rugged Invariants of Hydromagnetic Turbulence.- Observed Alfvenic Fluctuations - Waves or Turbulence?.- Collisionless Processes in the Interplanetary Medium.- General Remarks on the Collisionless Kinetic Theory.- Evolution of Velocity Distributions in Solar Wind Flow.- Collisionless Waves, Damping, and Instability.- Solar Cosmic Rays - Their Injection, Acceleration, and Propagation.- Solar Flare Observations.- The Injection.- The Acceleration.- The Propagation.- Solar Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays.- Solar-Cycle Variations.- The Basic Idea.- The Modulation Equations.- Energy Loss.- Solving the Modulation Equations.- Some Illustrative Examples.- The Acceleration of Energetic Particles in the Solar Wind.- Statistical Acceleration.- Shock Acceleration.- The Anomalous Component.- Magnetospheric Physics.- Large-Scale Morphology of the Magnetosphere.- Magnetic Field Structures.- Plasma Structures.- Low-Altitude Structures.- Magnetic Field Line Merging: Basic Concepts.- Solar-Wind Magnetosphere Coupling.- I. The Solar Wind - An Anisotropic Fluid.- II. Magnetospheric Convection.- Frozen-in-Flux.- The Axford-Hines Model.- The Dungey Model.- Open vs. Closed.- Birkeland Currents.- Substorms.- III. Magnetic Coupling.- The Requirement for Magnetic Merging.- Energy Flow in the Open Model.- Momentum Transfer in the Open Model.- Geometry.- IV. Non-Magnetic Coupling