Advanced Techniques of Endoscopic Lumbar Spine Surgery (Hardcover, 2020)

1. Special issue of endoscopic spine surgery.- (1) Paradigm shifting of spinal endoscopic approach.- (2) Nomenclature of endoscopic surgery.- (3) Learning curve of endoscopic lumbar discectomy.- 2. Lumbar central stenosis.- (1) Full endoscopic posterior approach: in and out.- (2) Full endoscopic posterior approach: out and in.- (3) Biportal endoscopic approach.-  3. Lumbar foraminal stenosis.- (1) Full endoscopic contralateral approach.- (2) Full endoscopic transforaminal approach.- (3) Full endoscopic paraspinal approach.- (4) Biportal endoscopic contralateral approach.- (5) Biportal endoscopic  paraspinal approach.- 4. Lumbar disc herniation.- (1) Full endoscopic approach with foraminoplasty.- (2) Full endoscopic transpedicular approach.- (3) Biportal endoscopic approach.- 5. Endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion.- (1) Endoscopic OLIF.- (2) Endoscopic LIF uniportal.- (3) Endoscopic LIF biportal.

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