Pacific's Anatomy & Physiology 해부생리학

CHAPTER 1
해부 생리학의 서론 _11
1. 해부생리학 첫머리 ····························13
1) 해부생리학의 정의 ······································ 13
2. 해부생리학 용어 ·······························13
1) 위치와 방향에 대한 기준 ··························· 13
2) 기본 용어 ···················································· 14
3. 몸의 모양과 구성 ·····························20
1) 체강과 부위 ················································ 20
2) 인체의 구성 ················································ 21
4. 인체의 구조와 기능 ··························26
1) 인체 기능의 균형 ······································· 26

CHAPTER 2
세포와 조직 _29
1. 세포 ··················································31
1) 세포의 분류와 구성 ···································· 31
2) 세포의 화학적 구성 ···································· 32
3) 세포막 ························································· 33
4) 세포소기관 ·················································· 35
5) 세포 함유물 ················································ 41
2. 세포의 이동 ······································41
1) 수동이동 ······················································ 41
2) 능동이동 ······················································ 43
3. 조직 ··················································46
1) 상피조직 ······················································ 46
2) 결합조직 ······················································ 51
3) 근육조직 ······················································ 53
4) 신경조직 ······················································ 55

CHAPTER 3
피부계통 _59
1. 피부와 구조와 기능 ··························61
1) 피부의 기능 ················································ 61
2) 피부의 구조 ················································ 61
3) 피부 부속기 ················································ 64
2. 피부의 색, 혈액공급, 신경지배 ·······67
1) 피부의 색 ···················································· 67
2) 피부의 혈액 공급과 신경 지배 ·················· 67

CHAPTER 4
뼈대계통(골격계) _71
1. 기관으로서의 뼈(골) ·························73
1) 맨눈해부 ······················································ 73
2) 조직해부 ······················································ 75
3) 뼈의 구성 ···················································· 76
4) 혈액공급 ······················································ 77
5) 신경지배 ······················································ 77
6) 기능 ····························································· 77
7) 뼈의 형성, 성장, 재형성 ····························· 78
8) 뼈의 표식 ···················································· 80
2. 사람의 뼈(골) ····································83
1) 몸통 뼈대(체간골격) ····································· 84
2) 팔다리 뼈대(체지골격) ······························· 114
임상노트 ··············································130

CHAPTER 5
관절계통 _135
1. 관절의 분류 ···································137
1) 섬유관절(섬유성 관절) ································ 137
2) 연골관절(연골성 관절) ································ 138
3) 윤활관절(활막성 관절) ································ 140
2. 인체의 관절 ···································144
1) 몸통뼈대(중축골격)의 관절 ························ 144
2) 팔다리뼈의 관절 ······································· 149
임상노트 ··············································159

CHAPTER 6
근육계통 _163
1. 근육 ················································165
1) 근육의 분류 ·············································· 165
2) 뼈대근육(골격근) ········································ 165
3) 뼈대근육의 구조 ······································· 168
4) 근육수축의 특성 ······································· 178
5) 근육수축의 에너지 대사 ··························· 180
6) 뼈대근육 이름 ··········································· 182
2. 인체의 근육 ···································182
1) 몸통(체간)골격근육 ···································· 182
2) 팔다리골격근육(사지골격근육) ···················· 207
임상노트 ··············································234

CHAPTER 7
심장혈관계통 _235
심장 ·················································· 237
1. 성인의 심장혈류 ·····························238
1) 산소농도에 따른 혈액의 분류 ·················· 238
2. 맨눈해부 ·········································238
1) 외부구조 ···················································· 238
2) 내부구조 ···················································· 239
3. 조직해부 ·········································242
1) 심장벽의 구조 ··········································· 242
2) 심장벽의 혈액공급 ···································· 246
3) 심장벽의 신경지배 ···································· 248
4. 심장의 기능 ···································248
1) 심전도 ······················································· 248
2) 심장주기 ···················································· 249
3) 심장음 ······················································· 249
4) 심박출량 ···················································· 250
혈액 ·················································· 251
1. 혈액의 기능 ···································251
2. 구성요소 ·········································251
1) 적혈구 ······················································· 251
2) 백혈구 ······················································· 253
3) 혈소판 ······················································· 254
4) 혈장 ··························································· 254
3. 지혈과 혈액응고 ·····························255
1) 혈관의 수축단계 ······································· 256
2) 혈소판 응집에 의한 마개형성 ·················· 256
3) 혈액응고 ···················································· 256
혈관계 ··············································· 256
1. 혈관 ················································256
1) 조직해부 ···················································· 256
2) 혈관의 분류 ·············································· 257
2. 허파순환(폐순환) ·····························259
1) 허파동맥(폐동맥) ········································ 260
2) 허파모세혈관(폐모세혈관) ··························· 260
3) 허파정맥(폐정맥) ········································ 260
3. 온몸순환(체순환) ·····························261
1) 온몸동맥?가슴, 배, 골반, 다리 ··············· 261
2) 온몸동맥?머리, 목, 팔, 가슴 ··················· 270
3) 온몸모세혈관(전신모세혈관) ······················· 277
4) 온몸정맥(전신정맥) ····································· 277
4. 태아순환 ·········································287
5. 혈압 ················································288
1) 혈압에 영향을 미치는 요인 ······················ 289
2) 중심정맥압과 정맥환류 ····························· 289
3) 혈압조절 ···················································· 290
4) 국소혈류량의 조절 ···································· 291
6. 문합 ················································292
1) 곁순환 ······················································· 293
7. 맥박 ················································293
8. 출혈 ················································293
임상노트 ··············································294

CHAPTER 8
림프계통 _297
1. 림프계통 ·········································299
1) 림프 ··························································· 299
2) 림프계통관 ················································ 300
3) 림프절 ······················································· 304
4) 림프이동 조절 ··········································· 304
2. 림프조직과 기관 ·····························305
1) 림프조직의 구성 ······································· 305
2) 림프조직의 기능 ······································· 305
3) 무피막형 림프조직 ···································· 305
4) 피막형 림프조직 ······································· 305
3. 면역 ················································312
1) 비특이적 면역 ··········································· 312
2) 특이적 면역 ·············································· 312

CHAPTER 9
비뇨기계통 _317
1. 비뇨기기관 ·····································320
1) 콩팥(신장) ·················································· 320
2) 요관 ··························································· 334
3) 방광 ··························································· 336
4) 요도 ··························································· 338
임상노트 ··············································342

CHAPTER 10
호흡기계통 _345
1. 코 ···················································348
1) 바깥코(외비) ··············································· 348
2) 코안(비강) ·················································· 349
3) 코곁굴(부비동) ··········································· 351
2. 인두 ················································353
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 355
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 355
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 356
3. 후두 ················································356
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 357
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 359
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 359
4. 기관 ················································360
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 360
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 360
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 361
5. 기관지 ············································361
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 361
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 362
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 362
6. 허파(폐) ··········································362
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 362
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 365
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 367
7. 가슴막(흉막 ? 늑막) ···························367
8. 가슴세로칸(종격) ·····························368
9. 호흡운동 ·········································368
1) 들숨 운동 ·················································· 369
2) 날숨 운동 ·················································· 371
10. 허파 기능 검사 ····························371
1) 허파 용적 ·················································· 371
2) 허파 용량 ·················································· 372
11. 사강과 허파꽈리환기 ···················372
12. 가스교환 ······································372
1) 허파꽈리 내의 PO2와 PCO2 ························ 372
2) 허파꽈리에서의 가스교환 ························· 373
3) 말초조직에서의 기체교환 ························· 373
13. 가스 운반 ····································374
1) 산소 운반 ·················································· 374
2) 이산화탄소 운반 ······································· 376
14. 호흡의 조절 ·································376
1) 대뇌피질 ···················································· 377
2) 호흡에 영향을 주는 수용체 ······················ 377
임상노트 ··············································380

CHAPTER 11
소화기계통 _385
1. 소화관 벽 ·······································389
1) 점막층 ······················································· 389
2) 점막밑(하)층 ·············································· 389
3) 근육층 ······················································· 389
4) 장막층 ······················································· 389
2. 배막(복막) ·······································389
3. 소화관 신경계 ································392
4. 소화관의 구조 ································392
1) 입과 인두 ·················································· 392
2) 뺨(볼)과 입술 ············································ 393
3) 혀 ······························································ 393
4) 입천장(구개) ··············································· 394
5) 치아 ··························································· 395
6) 침샘(타액선) ··············································· 395
7) 인두 ··························································· 397
8) 식도 ··························································· 398
9) 위 ······························································ 400
10) 작은창자(소장) ········································· 403
11) 큰창자(대장) ············································· 406
12) 간 ···························································· 410
13) 쓸개주머니(담낭) ······································ 411
14) 이자(췌장) ················································ 412
5. 소화관의 기능 ································413
1) 운동 ··························································· 413
2) 분비 ··························································· 414
3) 소화 ··························································· 414
4) 흡수 ··························································· 414
6. 소화관의 흡수 ································415
임상노트 ··············································416

CHAPTER 12
내분비계통 _423
1. 뇌하수체 ·········································428
1) 뇌하수체 앞엽(뇌하수체전엽) ······················ 429
2) 뇌하수체 뒤엽(뇌하수체후엽) ······················ 433
2. 갑상샘(갑상선) ································433
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 433
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 433
3) 기능 ··························································· 433
4) 혈액공급 ···················································· 435
3. 부갑상샘(부갑상선) ··························435
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 435
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 435
3) 기능 ··························································· 436
4) 혈액공급 ···················································· 436
4. 부신(콩팥위샘) ··································436
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 436
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 437
3) 부신겉질호르몬(부신피질호르몬) ················· 438
4) 부신속질호르몬(부신수질호르몬) ················· 438
5) 혈액공급 ·················································· 439
5. 솔방울샘(송과선, 송과체) ··················439
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 439
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 439
3) 기능 ··························································· 439
4) 혈액공급 ···················································· 440
6. 이자(췌장) ·······································440
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 440
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 440
3) 기능 ··························································· 440
7. 생식샘(성선) ····································443
1) 난소 ··························································· 443
2) 고환(정소) ·················································· 444
8. 태반 ················································444
1) 기능 ··························································· 445
2) 호르몬 ······················································· 445
임상노트 ··············································447

CHAPTER 13
생식기계통 _449
여성 생식기계통 ······························· 451
1. 난소 ················································451
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 451
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 453
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 454
4) 기능 ··························································· 454
2. 여성 생식기관과 부속샘 ················455
1) 자궁관(난관) ··············································· 455
2) 자궁 ··························································· 457
3) 질 ······························································ 460
4) 질어귀샘 ···················································· 461
5) 부요도샘 ···················································· 461
3. 여성 샅 ··········································462
4. 여성 외부생식기관 ·························462
1) 불두덩 ······················································· 462
2) 음핵 ··························································· 463
3) 대음순 ······················································· 464
4) 소음순 ······················································· 464
5. 젖샘 ················································465
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 465
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 465
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 465
4) 기능 ··························································· 465
남성 생식기계통 ······························· 465
1. 고환 ················································465
1) 맨눈해부 ···················································· 465
2) 조직해부 ···················································· 468
3) 혈액공급 및 신경지배 ······························ 469
4) 기능 ··························································· 469
2. 남성 생식관과 부속샘 ····················469
1) 고환의 관 ·················································· 469
2) 부고환 ······················································· 470
3) 정관과 정삭 ·············································· 471
4) 정낭 ··························································· 472
5) 전립샘 ······················································· 473
6) 망울요도샘 ················································ 474
3. 남성의 샅 ·······································474
4. 남성외부생식기 ·······························474
1) 음경 ··························································· 474
2) 음낭 ··························································· 476
임상노트 ··············································478

CHAPTER 14
신경계통 _481
1. 신경세포의 세포구성 ······················483
1) 뉴런(신경원) ··············································· 483
2) 뉴런의 구조적 분류 ·································· 487
3) 지지세포 ···················································· 489
2. 중추신경계통 ··································491
1) 중추신경계발생 ········································· 491
2) 척수 ··························································· 491
3) 뇌 ······························································ 496
4) 중추신경계통의 오름신경로(상행로) 및
내림신경로(하행로) ···································· 509
5) 뇌척수막(수막) ··········································· 514
6) 뇌실계 ······················································· 516
7) 뇌척수액 ···················································· 518
3. 말초신경계통 ··································519
1) 말초신경의 말이집 ···································· 519
2) 척수신경 ···················································· 519
3) 뇌신경 ······················································· 529
4. 자율신경계 ·····································538
1) 장신경계 ···················································· 538
2) 교감신경과 부교감신경 ····························· 538
5. 특수감각 ·········································543
1) 후각 ··························································· 543
2) 미각 ··························································· 545
3) 시각 ··························································· 546
4) 평형과 청각 ·············································· 554
부록 ·····················································561
참고문헌 ··············································575
찾아보기 ··············································577