2025 퍼시픽 간호사 국시대비 개념서 04 : 아동간호학

01 성장발달 _15
1.1 아동간호학의 정의 및 목적 ·········································· 1 7
1. 개념 _17
2. 목적 _17
3. 아동간호의 사회적 경향 _17
4. 아동간호사의 역할 _18
5. 아동학대 _18
6. 아동간호의 역사 _21
7. 아동의 임종간호 _21
1.2 성장발달의 이해 ·············································· 2 2
1. 개념 _22
2. 성장발달 원리 _22
3. 기질 _25
4. 성장발달 단계 분류 _26
5. 아동의 건강 사정 _27
6. 아동발달과 놀이 _38
7. 투약 관리 _38
8. 발달단계별 성교육 _41
1.3 단계별 성장발달 ································· 4 1
1. 영아기 _41
2. 유아기 _56
3. 학령전기 _68
4. 학령기 _72
5. 청소년기 _77

02 신생아 _87
2.1 신생아의 생리적 특징 ················· 8 9
1. 체온 조절 _89
2. 혈액계 _90
3. 순환계 _91
4. 호흡기계 _92
5. 위장관계 _92
6. 감각계 _94
7. 비뇨기계 _95
8. 면역계 _95
2.2 정상 신생아 사정 ······························· 9 6
1. APGAR score _96
2. 자세 _97
3. 피부 _97
4. 활력징후 _99
5. 신체 계측 _99
6. 구체적 신체 사정 _100
2.3 정상 신생아 간호중재 ·································· 1 0 8
1. 개방된 기도유지 _108
2. 체온 유지 _108
3. 눈 간호 _109
4. 제대 간호 _109
5. Vit. K 주사 _109
6. 목욕 _109
7. 기저귀 발진 _110
8. B형 간염 예방접종 _110
2.4 모유수유 ······················································ 1 11
1. 시행 시기 _111
2. 모유수유의 장점 _112
3. 신생아 수유 주의사항 _112
4. 모유 보관 방법 _112
5. 모유수유 금기 _113

03 고위험 신생아 _119
3.1 고위험 신생아의 분류 ····································· 1 2 1
1. 체중에 따른 분류 _121
2. 재태기간에 따른 분류 _121
3.2 재태연령에 따른 특성 ··········································· 1 2 2
1. 미숙아 _122
2. 과숙아 _125
3.3 소화기관 장애 ······················································ 1 2 6
1. 구순열/구개열 _126
2. 기관식도루/식도폐색증 _129
3. 항문직장기형 _131
4. 생리적 황달 _132
5. 병리적 황달 _132
3.4 혈액 장애 ··························· 1 3 4
1. 신생아 용혈성 질환 _134
3.5 호흡기 장애 ············································· 1 3 6
1. 무호흡 _136
2. 호흡곤란증후군 _136
3. 호흡기 합병증 _138
3.6 심혈관 장애 ··············································· 1 4 0
1. 선천성 심질환 _140
2. 비청색증형 선천성 심질환 _141
3. 청색증형 선천성 심질환 _148
3.7 비뇨생식기 장애 ····································· 1 5 3
1. 잠복고환 _153
2. 음낭수종 _153
3. 요도하열 _154
3.8 신경 장애 ································ 1 5 5
1. 이분척추 _155
3.9 출생 시 손상 ·············································· 1 5 9
1. 두개외 출혈 _159
2. 상지마비 _160
3. 쇄골 골절 _160
4. 안면신경 마비 _161
5. 사경 _162
3.10 근골격 장애 ····················································· 1 6 3
1. 만곡족 _163
2. 발달성 고관절 이형성증 _164
3.11 감염 ·························································· 1 6 7
1. 신생아 패혈증 _167
2. 괴사성 장염 _168
3. 칸디다 _170
3.12 모체 요인과 관련한 고위험 ··············· 1 7 1
1. 당뇨병 어머니의 신생아 _171
2. 약물에 노출된 신생아 _172
3.13 선천성 대사 장애 ································· 1 7 3
1. 선천성 대사 장애 _173
2. 선천성 갑상선 기능 저하증 _173
3. 페닐케톤뇨증 _174
4. 갈락토오스혈증 _176
3.14 유전성 질환 ······································· 1 7 7
1. 다운증후군 _177
2. 18번 삼염색체증 _179
3. 터너 증후군 _179

04 소화기관 장애 _189
4.1 수분 전해질 불균형 ········································ 1 9 1
1. 영아의 수분 균형이 깨지기 쉬운 이유 _191
2. 아동의 체액 분포 _191
3. 체중에 따른 수분 요구량 _191
4. 탈수 _191
5. 수분과다 _193
4.2 소화기관 장애 증상 ·············································· 1 9 4
1. 구토 _194
2. 설사 _195
3. 산통 _196
4. 반추 _197
4.3 폐쇄성 장애 ····································· 1 9 8
1. 선천성 유문 협착 _198
2. 장중첩증 _200
3. 담도 폐쇄 _201
4. 장폐색 _202
4.4 구조적 장애 ······························· 2 0 3
1. 위식도 역류 _203
2. 횡격막 탈장 _204
3. 서혜부 탈장 _205
4. 선천거대결장 _206
4.5 염증성 장애 ·············································· 2 0 7
1. 급성 충수돌기염 _207
2. 궤양성 대장염 _209
4.6 흡수 ․ 영양 장애 ············································· 2 1 0
1. 흡수 장애 증후군 _210
2. 콰시오커 _211
3. 소모증 _211
4. 비타민 결핍 _212
5. 요오드 결핍 _212
6. 성장장애 _212
7. 영아 비만 _213
4.7 치아 건강 ·················································· 2 1 4
1. 치아 우식증 _214
2. 부정교합 _214
4.8 중독 ······················································ 2 1 5
1. 중독 간호중재 _215
2. 납중독 _215
3. 아스피린 중독 _216
4. 부식성 물질 중독 _216
4.9 기생충 감염 ············································ 2 1 7
1. 요충증 _217

05 비뇨생식기 장애 _223
5.1 요로감염 ············································ 2 2 5
1. 정의 _225
2. 특징 _225
3. 원인 _225
4. 증상 _226
5. 진단 _226
6. 치료 _226
7. 간호중재 _226
5.2 구조적 장애 ······························· 2 2 7
1. 폐쇄성 요로 질환 _227
2. 방광요관역류 _227
5.3 급성 사구체신염 ···························· 2 2 9
1. 특징 _229
2. 원인 _229
3. 증상 _229
4. 진단 _230
5. 치료 _230
6. 간호중재 _230
5.4 신증후군 ·············································· 2 3 0
1. 특징 _230
2. 원인 _231
3. 병태생리 _231
4. 증상 _231
5. 진단 _232
6. 치료 _232
7. 간호중재 _232
5.5 급성 신부전 ······························ 2 3 3
1. 특징 _233
2. 원인 _233
3. 병태생리 _233
4. 증상 _234
5. 치료 _234
6. 간호중재 _234
5.6 생식기 기능 장애 ································· 2 3 5
1. 외음질염 _235
2. 여성형 유방 _235

06 호흡기 장애 _239
6.1 상기도 감염 ·································· 2 4 1
1. 영유아 호흡기 특성 _241
2. 급성 비인두염 _241
3. 급성 인두염 _242
4. 편도선염 _244
5. 중이염 _247
6. 부비동염 _249
6.2 하부기도 감염 ····································· 2 5 1
1. 기관지염 _251
2. 세기관지염 _251
3. 폐렴 _252
6.3 크룹증후군 ········································ 2 5 4
1. 크룹증후군의 비교 _254
2. 급성 후두개염 _255
3. 급성 후두 기관 기관지염 _256
6.4 비감염성 물질에 의한 장애 ························· 2 5 7
1. 이물질 흡인 _257
2. 흡인성 폐렴 _258
3. 지질성 폐렴 _258
6.5 만성 및 기타 장애 ····································· 2 5 9
1. 천식 _259
2. 결핵 _263
3. 비출혈 _267
6.6 원인불명의 장애 ······································ 2 6 7
1. 영아 돌연사 증후군 _267
2. 영아 무호흡 _268

07 심혈관 장애 _273
7.1 후천성 심장 장애 ········································· 2 7 5
1. 감염성 심내막염 _275
2. 급성 류마티스열 _277
7.2 혈관기능 장애 ······································ 2 8 0
1. 알레르기 자반증, 헤노흐 쇤라인 자반증 _280
2. 가와사키병 _281

08 혈액 및 세포 장애 _287
8.1 빈혈 ·········································· 2 8 9
1. 빈혈 _289
2. 철분 결핍성 빈혈 _290
3. 겸상 적혈구 혈색소 병, 낫 적혈구병 _291
8.2 응고장애 ······································· 2 9 3
1. 파종성 혈관 내 응고증 _293
2. 혈우병 _294
3. 면역성 혈소판 감소성 자반증 _296
8.3 세포장애 ············································ 2 9 8
1. 백혈병 _298
2. 뇌종양 _302
3. 신경모세포종 _305
4. 신아세포종 _307
5. 골육종 _308
6. 횡문근육종 _309

09 내분비 장애 _315
9.1 췌장 장애 ······································· 3 1 7
1. 당뇨병 _317
9.2 뇌하수체 전엽장애 ································ 3 2 3
1. 성조숙증 _323
9.3 뇌하수체 후엽장애 ········································· 3 2 3
1. 요붕증 _323
2. 항이뇨호르몬 부적절분비증후군 _325

10 보호기전 장애 _329
10.1 자가면역 염증성 질환 ································· 3 3 1
1. 소아 류마티스성 관절염 _331
2. 전신성 홍반성 낭창 _332
10.2 알레르기 질환···································· 3 3 4
1. 아토피성 피부염 _334
2. 알레르기성 비염 _336
10.3 피부 장애 ········································ 3 3 6
1. 세균감염 : 농가진 _336
2. 접촉성 피부염 _337
3. 여드름 _337
4. 기타 피부 병변 _338
10.4 감염성 장애 ·········································· 3 3 9
1. 수두 _339
2. 디프테리아 _342
3. 홍역 _343
4. 볼거리 _345
5. 풍진 _347
6. 백일해 _348
7. 성홍열 _350
8. 폴리오, 회백수염 _352
9. 수족구 _354
10. 파상풍 _355
11. 뇌염 _357
12. A형 간염 _358
13. 구내염 _359
14. 결막염 _360
15. 장미진 _361

11 신경 ․ 인지 장애 _367
11.1 열성경련 ················································ 3 6 9
1. 병태생리 _369
2. 특징 _369
3. 증상 _369
4. 치료 및 간호 _369
11.2 발작 ·················································· 3 7 0
1. 원인 _370
2. 병태생리 _370
3. 부분 발작 _370
4. 전신 발작 _371
5. 진단 _371
6. 치료 _371
7. 간호중재 _371
8. 발작 장애 아동의 안전 전략 _372
11.3 뇌수종 ···················································· 373
1. 정의 및 특성 _373
2. 증상 _373
3. 치료 _373
4. 수술 전 간호 _374
5. 수술 후 간호 _374
11.4 감염 ················································ 3 7 5
1. 수막염 _375
2. 라이증후군 _377
3. 길랑ᝍ바레 증후군 _378
11.5 뇌성마비 ··················································· 3 8 0
1. 뇌성마비 _380
11.6 인지장애( 지 적 장 애 ) ································ 3 8 2
1. 인지장애, 지적장애 _382

12 감각운동기능 장애 _387
12.1 감각장애 ···································· 3 8 9
1. 청각장애 _389
2. 시각장애 _391
12.2 골절 ············································· 392
1. 아동의 골절 특성 _392
2. 치료 _394
12.3 선천성 및 감염성 장애 ································ 3 9 7
1. 가성비대형 근이영양증 _397
2. 골수염 _397
12.4 성장관련 장애 ············································ 3 9 8
1. 레그병 _398
2. 척추후만증 _400
3. 척추전만증 _400
4. 척추측만증 _401

13 심리사회장애 _407
13.1 정신건강 장애 ················································ 4 0 9
1. 학습 장애 _409
2. 주의력 결핍ᝍ과잉행동 장애 _409
3. 습관성 장애 _411
4. 품행 장애 _412
5. 학교 공포증 _413
6. 전환 장애 _413
7. 우울증 _413
8. 배설장애 _414
9. 약물 남용 _415
13.2 식이 장애 ············································· 4 1 7
1. 신경성 식욕 부진 _417
2. 신경성 폭식증 _418
3. 비만 _419
13.3 청소년 비행 ········································· 4 2 0
1. 원인 _420
2. 특징 _420
3. 간호중재 _420

❃ INDEX ···················································· 4 2 4