Soil and Water Chemistry : An Integrative Approach, Second Edition (Paperback, 2 ed)

Soil Chemical Environment: An OverviewPhases and Chemical Processes in SoilElements in the Soil Environment: Their Concentrations, Speciation, and General BehaviorUnits and ConversionsHeterogeneity of Soil Chemical CharacteristicsExercisesReferencesSoil MineralsChemical BondsPauling's RulesCrystal StructureSilicate ClassesClay MineralogyHydrous Metal OxidesX-Ray Diffraction AnalysisExercisesReferencesChemical WeatheringHydrolysis and OxidationBalancing Chemical ReactionsMineral Stability: Primary Silicates in the Sand- and Silt-Sized FractionsMineral Stability: Clay-Sized FractionWeathering and Formation Characteristics of the PhyllosilicatesGeneral Weathering Scheme for the PhyllosilicatesExercisesReferencesOrganic Matter in SoilDetermination of Soil Organic Carbon ConcentrationsOrganic Functional Groups: A ReviewNonhumic SubstancesHumic SubstancesExercisesReferencesSoil Water ChemistryNature of WaterIon HydrationElectrolyte SolutionsHydrolysis of CationsLowry-Brønsted Acids and BasesComplex Ions and Ion PairsIon Association ModelIon Speciation in Soil SolutionsQualitative Aspects of Ion SpeciationSoil Water Sampling MethodologiesMethods of Chemical Analysis: Elemental AnalysisExercisesReferencesMineral SolubilityMineral Solubility: Basic PrinciplesApplication of Mineral Solubility Principles: ImpedimentsDeviation of Ksp from KdisMineral Solubility and Solution CompositionStability DiagramsPredicting Solution CompositionExercisesReferencesOxidation-Reduction Reactions in SoilsElectron Activity and Stability of WaterRedox Potential MeasurementsRedox Status in Soilspe-pH Predominance DiagramsExercisesReferencesSurface Chemistry and Adsorption ReactionsSurface Functional Groups and ComplexesSolid-Solution Interface: A Microscopic ViewQuantitative Description of AdsorptionSpecific Retention of Metals and LigandsLigand Effects on Metal AdsorptionOrganic Surface Functional Groups and Organic Molecular Retention MechanismsSurface Complexation ModelsExercisesReferencesCation ExchangeCation Exchange: A Beginning for Soil ChemistryQualitative Aspects of Cation ExchangeCation-Exchange Capacity and Exchange Phase CompositionQuantitative Description of Cation ExchangeExercisesReferencesAcidity in Soil MaterialsMeasurement of Soil Solution pHChemical and Biochemical Processes That Influence Soil Solution pHAcid-Neutralizing Capacity and the Quantification of Soil AcidityNeutralization of Soil AcidityAcid Generation and Management in Mine Spoils: The Oxidation of PyriteExercisesReferencesSoil Salinity and SodicitySources of Salts and Problematic ElementsDiagnostic Characteristics of Saline and Sodic SoilsIrrigation Water Quality Parameters and RelationshipsGenesis, Management, and Reclamation of Salt-Affected SoilsExercisesReferencesChemical Thermodynamics Applied to Soil SystemsThermodynamic Soil SystemGibbs-Duhem Equation and the Gibbs Phase RuleChemical Equilibria in SoilsIonic SpeciesExercisesReferences