The Theory of Laser Materials Processing: Heat and Mass Transfer in Modern Technology (Hardcover, 2, 2017)

1 Mathematics in Laser Processing; John Dowden. 1.1 Mathematics and its Application. 1.2 Formulation in Terms of Partial Differential Equations. 1.3 Boundary and Interface Conditions. 1.4 Fick's Laws. 1.5 Electromagnetism. 2 Simulation of Laser Cutting; Wolfgang Schulz, Markus Nießen, Urs Eppelt and Kerstin Kowalick. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Mathematical Formulation and Analysis. 2.3 Outlook. 2.4 Acknowledgements. 3 Glass Cutting; Wolfgang Schulz. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Phenomenology of Glass Processing with Ultrashort Laser Radiation. 3.3 Modelling the Propagation of Radiation and the Dynamics of Electron Density. 3.4 Radiation Propagation Solved by BPM Methods. 3.5 The Dynamics of Electron Density Described by Rate Equations. 3.6 Properties of the Solution with Regard to Ablation and Damage. 3.7 Electronic Damage versus Thermal Damage. 3.8 Glass Cutting by Direct Ablation or Filamentation?. 3.9 Acknowledgements. 4 Keyhole Welding: the Solid and Liquid Phases ; Alexander Kaplan. 4.1 Heat Generation and Heat Transfer. 4.2 Melt Flow. 5 Laser Keyhole Welding: The Vapour Phase; John Dowden. 5.1 Notation. 5.2 The Keyhole. 5.3 The Keyhole Wall. 5.4 The Role of Convection in the Transfer of Energy to the Keyhole Wall. 5.5 Fluid Flow in the Keyhole. 5.6 Further Aspects of Fluid Flow. 5.7 Electromagnetic Effects. 6 Basic Concepts of Laser Drilling; Wolfgang Schulz and Urs Eppelt. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Technology and Laser Systems. 6.3 Diagnostics and Monitoring for s Pulse Drilling. 6.4 Phenomena of Beam-Matter Interaction. 6.5 Phenomena of the Melt Expulsion Domain. 6.6 Mathematical Formulation of Reduced Models. 6.7 Analysis. 6.8 Outlook. 6.9 Acknowledgements 7 Arc Welding and Hybrid Laser-Arc Welding; Ian Richardson. 7.1 The Structure of the Welding Arc. 7.2 The Arc Electrodes. 7.3 Fluid Flow in the Arc-Generated Weld Pool . 7.4 Unified Arc and Electrode Models. 7.5 Arc Plasma-Laser Interactions. 7.6 Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding. 8 Metallurgy and Imperfections of Welding and Hardening; Alexander Kaplan. 8.1 Thermal Cycle and Cooling Rate. 8.2 Resolidification. 8.3 Metallurgy. 8.4 Imperfections. 9 Laser Cladding; Frank Bruckner and Dietrich Lepski. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Beam-Particle Interaction. 9.3 Formation of the Weld Bead. 9.4 Thermal Stress and Distortion. 9.5 Conclusions and Future Work. 10 Laser Forming; Thomas Pretorius. 10.1 History of Thermal Forming. 10.2 Forming Mechanisms. 10.3 Applications. 11 Femtosecond Laser Pulse Interactions with Metals; Bernd Huttner. 11.1. Introduction. 11.2. What is Different Compared to Longer Pulses? 11.3. Material Properties under Exposure to Femtosecond Laser Pulses. 11.4. Determination of the Electron and Phonon Temperature Distribution. 11.5. Summary and Conclusions. 12 Meta-Modelling and Visualisation of Multi-Dimensional Data for Virtual Production Intelligence; Wolfgang Schulz. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Implementing Virtual Production Intelligence. 12.3 Meta-Modelling Providing Operative Design Tools. 12.4 Meta-Modelling by Smart Sampling with Discontinuous Response. 12.5 Global Sensitivity Analysis and Variance Decomposition. 12.6 Reduced Models and Emulators. 12.7 Summary and Advances in Meta-Modelling. 13 Comprehensive Numerical Simulation of Laser Materials Processing; Markus Gross. 13.1 Motivation - The Pursuit of Ultimate Understanding. 13.2 Review. 13.3 Correlation, the Full Picture. 13.4 Introduction to Numerical Techniques. 13.5 Solution of the Energy Equation and Phase Changes. 13.6 Program Development and Best Practice when Using Analysis Tools. 13.7 Introduction to High Performance Computing. 13.8 Visualisation Tools. 13.9 Summary and Concluding Remarks. Index.