기계정비 산업기사 필기 실기

제1편. 공 · 유압 및 자동화 시스템

제1장 공 · 유압
1. 공 ․유압의 개요 ··················· 12
1-1 공 ․ 유압의 정의 ································· 12
1-2 공 ․ 유압 장치의 구성 및 작동 유체 · 12
1-3 공 ․ 유압의 기초 ································· 13
● 출제 예상 문제 ········································ 15
2. 공압 기기 ························ 23
2-1 공압 발생 장치 ·································· 23
2-2 공압 밸브 ··········································· 24
2-3 공압 액추에이터 ································ 28
2-4 공 ․ 유압 조합 기기 ···························· 32
● 출제 예상 문제 ········································ 33
3. 유압 기기 ······················· 53
3-1 유압 펌프 ··········································· 53
3-2 유압 제어 밸브 ·································· 55
3-3 유압 액추에이터 ································ 58
3-4 부속 기기 ··········································· 59
● 출제 예상 문제 ········································ 62
4. 공 ․유압 회로 ····················· 93
4-1 공 ․ 유압 회로 설계 ···························· 93
4-2 공압 회로 ··········································· 94
4-3 유압 회로 ··········································· 96
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 100

제2장 자동화 시스템
1. 자동화 시스템의 개요 ·············· 130
1-1 자동화 도입 절차 ···························· 130
1-2 자동화 시스템 ·································· 130
1-3 제어와 자동 제어 ···························· 132
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 136
2. 센 서 ·························· 142
2-1 센서의 개요 ····································· 142
2-2 신호 처리 ········································· 146
2-3 물체 감지 및 검출 센서 ·················· 149
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 153
3. 액추에이터 ······················ 164
3-1 개 요 ················································ 164
3-2 선형 운동 ········································· 164
3-3 회전 운동 ········································· 166
3-4 핸들링 ·············································· 167
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 170
4. 시스템 회로의 구성 ··············· 178
4-1 동작 상태 표현법 ···························· 178
4-2 프로그램 제어 방법 ························· 180
4-3 프로그램 메모리 ······························ 181
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 183
5. 자동화 시스템 보수 유지 ··········· 201
5-1 개 요 ················································ 201
5-2 자동화 시스템 보수 유지 방법 ······· 201
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 208

제2편. 설비 진단 및 관리

제1장 설비 관리
1. 설비 관리의 개요 ················· 216
1-1 설비 관리의 의의와 발전 과정 ······· 216
1-2 설비 관리의 목적과 필요성 ············ 218
1-3 설비 관리 기능 ································ 218
1-4 설비의 분류 및 범위 ······················· 219
1-5 설비 관리 조직의 개념 ··················· 220
1-6 설비 관리의 조직 계획 ··················· 220
1-7 설비 관리의 요원 대책 ··················· 221
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 222
2. 설비 계획과 설비 배치 ············· 228
2-1 설비 계획 ········································· 228
2-2 설비 배치 ········································· 228
2-3 설비의 신뢰성 및 보전성 관리 ······· 230
2-4 설비의 경제성 평가 ························· 234
2-5 보전 계획 수립 방법 ······················· 235
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 236
3. 설비 보전의 계획과 관리 ··········· 247
3-1 설비 보전과 관리 시스템 ················ 247
3-2 설비 보전 조직과 표준 ··················· 247
3-3 설비 보전의 본질과 추진 방법 ······· 249
3-4 설비의 예방보전 ······························ 252
3-5 공사 관리 ········································· 254
3-6 보전용 자재 관리와 보전비 관리 ···· 256
3-7 보전 작업 관리와 보전 효과 측정 ·· 257
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 259
4. 공장 설비 관리 ·················· 276
4-1 공장 설비 관리의 개요 ··················· 276
4-2 계측 관리 ········································· 277
4-3 치공구 관리 ····································· 278
4-4 공장 에너지 관리 ···························· 279
4-5 설비 효율의 분석 ···························· 280
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 281
5. 종합적 생산보전 ················· 283
5-1 종합적 생산보전의 개요 ·················· 283
5-2 설비 효율 개선 방법 ······················· 283
5-3 만성 로스 개선 방법 ······················· 286
5-4 자주보전 활동 ·································· 287
5-5 계획보전 활동 ·································· 288
5-6 품질 개선 활동 ································ 289
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 291

제2장 설비 진단
1. 설비 진단의 개요 ················· 295
1-1 정 의 ················································ 295
1-2 설비 진단 기술의 구성 ··················· 296
1-3 진동 상태 감시 ································ 296
1-4 설비 진단 기법 ································ 297
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 299
2. 진동 이론 ······················ 302
2-1 진동의 기초 ····································· 302
2-2 진동의 물리량 ·································· 303
2-3 속도, 가속도 관계 ··························· 303
2-4 진동 단위 ········································· 304
2-5 기계 진동 ········································· 305
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 307
3. 진동 측정 ······················· 311
3-1 진동 측정의 개요 ···························· 311
3-2 진동 측정 시스템 ···························· 311
3-3 진동 측정용 센서 ···························· 317
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 322
4. 소음 이론과 측정 ················· 324
4-1 소음과 진동의 관계 ························· 324
4-2 소음의 물리적 성질 ························· 324
4-3 음의 제량 및 단위 ·························· 326
4-4 음의 발생과 특성 ···························· 330
4-5 소음의 거리 감쇠 ···························· 332
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 333
5. 소음 진동 제어 ·················· 335
5-1 공장 소음과 진동의 발생음 ············ 335
5-2 공장 소음 방지 대책 ······················· 336
5-3 기계 진동 방지 대책 ······················· 340
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 344
6. 회전 기계의 진단 ················· 347
6-1 회전 기계 진단의 개요 ··················· 347
6-2 회전 기계의 간이 진단 ··················· 348
6-3 회전 기계의 정밀 진단 ··················· 348
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 351
7. 윤활 관리 진단 ·················· 353
7-1 윤활의 개요 ····································· 353
7-2 윤활제의 종류와 특성 ····················· 354
7-3 윤활제의 급유법 ······························ 361
7-4 윤활유의 열화와 관리 기준 ············ 363
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 368

제3편. 공업 계측 및 전기 전자 제어

제1장 공업 계측
1. 공업 계측의 개요 ················· 382
1-1 계측의 개요 ····································· 382
1-2 측정과 단위 ····································· 383
1-3 측정의 정밀도 ·································· 385
1-4 단위와 단위계 ·································· 386
1-5 계측계 ·············································· 387
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 389
2. 센서와 신호 변환 ················· 393
2-1 센서의 정의 ····································· 393
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 398
3. 공업량의 계측 ··················· 401
3-1 온도 계측 ········································· 401
3-2 압력의 계측 ····································· 402
3-3 유량 계측 ········································· 407
3-4 액면 계측 ········································· 410
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 413
4. 변환기 ························· 421
4-1 계측 신호 변환기 ···························· 421
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 426
5. 조작부 ························· 428
5-1 제어 밸브 ········································· 428
5-2 제어 밸브의 구동부 ························· 430
5-3 포지셔너 ··········································· 434
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 436
6. 프로세스 제어 ··················· 439
6-1 피드백 제어의 기초 ························· 439
6-2 프로세스 특성 ·································· 440
6-3 조절계의 제어 동작 ························· 442
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 446

제2장 전기 제어
1. 전기 기초 ······················· 453
1-1 전 류 ················································ 453
1-2 전 압 ················································ 453
1-3 저 항 ················································ 455
1-4 직류와 교류 회로 ···························· 459
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 460
2. 교류 회로 ······················ 468
2-1 정현파 교류 ····································· 468
2-2 다상 교류 ········································· 475
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 479
3. 시퀀스 제어 ····················· 485
3-1 시퀀스 제어 기초 및 기기 ·············· 485
3-2 시퀀스 제어 회로 ···························· 491
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 499

제3장 전자 제어
1. 전자 이론 ······················· 506
1-1 반도체 소자 ····································· 506
1-2 다이오드 ··········································· 507
1-3 트랜지스터 ······································· 512
1-4 연산 증폭기 ····································· 516
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 519
2. 논리 회로 ······················ 528
2-1 논리 회로 ········································· 528
2-2 논리의 표현 ····································· 533
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 534

제4편. 기계 정비 일반

제1장 기계 정비용 공기구 및 정비 점검
1. 정비용 공기구 및 재료 ············· 541
1-1 정비용 측정 기구 ···························· 541
1-2 정비용 공기구 ·································· 544
1-3 보전용 재료 ····································· 546
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 552
2. 기계 요소 보전 ··················· 561
2-1 체결용 기계 요소 보전 ··················· 561
2-2 축계 기계 요소 보전 ······················· 565
2-3 전동 장치 보전 ································ 572
2-4 제어용 요소의 보전 ························· 577
2-5 관계 요소 보전 ································ 578
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 586

제2장 기계 장치 점검, 정비
1. 기계 장치 점검과 정비 ············· 609
1-1 통풍기 ·············································· 609
1-2 송풍기 ·············································· 610
1-3 압축기 ·············································· 614
1-4 감속기 및 변속기 ···························· 621
1-5 전동기의 정비 ·································· 624
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 625
2. 펌프 장치 ······················ 635
2-1 펌프의 종류와 특성 ························· 635
2-2 펌프의 구조 ····································· 636
2-3 캐비테이션 ······································· 640
2-4 서 징 ················································ 640
2-5 수격 현상 ········································· 641
2-6 펌프의 운전 ····································· 642
2-7 펌프의 방식법 ·································· 646
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 647
3. 기계의 분해 조립 ················· 656
3-1 분해 조립 시 주의 ·························· 656
3-2 가열 끼움 ········································· 658
● 출제 예상 문제 ······································ 662

제5편. 실기 예상문제

● 요구 사항 ································································ 666
제1장 전기 실기 예상문제 ··················································· 668
제2장 설비 진단 실기 예상문제 ··············································· 672
제3장 공 ․ 유압 실기 예상문제 ················································ 674
제4장 기계 정비 일반 실기 예상문제 ··········································· 683

부록 과년도 출제 문제
● 2010년도 출제 문제 ····················································································686
● 2011년도 출제 문제 ····················································································718
● 2012년도 출제 문제 ····················································································750
● 2013년도 출제 문제 ····················································································783
● 2014년도 출제 문제 ····················································································812
● 2015년도 출제 문제 ····················································································843
● 2016년도 출제 문제 ····················································································874