2021 ET 김인식 교육학 논술 2

Chapter 08 교육과정
Section 01 교육과정의 기초 ··························· 18
01 개념 ········································································ 18
02 개념모형 ······························································ 20
03 교육과정 접근방법 ············································· 21
Section 02 교육과정의 층위와 수준 ··········· 33
01 교육과정의 층위 ················································· 33
02 교육과정의 수준 ················································· 37
Section 03 교육과정의 구성 ··························· 41
01 개요 ······································································ 41
02 교육과정 구성의 절차 ······································· 42
Section 04 교육과정의 평가 ··························· 51
01 개요 ······································································ 51
02 교육과정 평가모형 ············································· 52
03 제7차 교육과정의 교육과정 평가와 질 관리 ··· 55
Section 05 교육과정의 개발 ··························· 56
01 중앙집중적 교육과정 개발 ······························· 56
02 지방분권적 교육과정 개발 ······························· 57
03 학교 교육과정 개발 ············································ 58
04 백워드 교육과정 설계모형 ······························· 60
05 교육과정 압축 ····················································· 65
Section 06 교육과정의 개발모형 ················· 66
01 타일러의 합리적 모형 ······································· 66
02 타바의 확장된 목표모형 ··································· 69
03 워커의 숙의 모형 ················································ 71
04 아이스너의 예술적 모형 ··································· 74
05 스킬벡의 학교중심 교육과정 개발모형 ·········· 77
Section 07 교육과정의 실행⋅운영 ············ 80
01 교육과정 실행 ····················································· 80
02 교사의 역할과 운영수준 ··································· 81
Section 08 교육과정의 유형 ··························· 83
01 교과중심 교육과정 ············································· 83
02 경험중심 교육과정 ············································· 87
03 학문중심 교육과정 ············································· 91
04 인간중심 교육과정 ············································· 94
05 구성주의 교육과정 ············································· 96
06 중핵 교육과정 ····················································· 97
Section 09 2015 개정교육과정 ···················· 99
01 개관 ······································································ 99
02 교육과정 구성의 방향 ······································· 101
03 교육과정 편성⋅운영 ········································ 103
04 운영의 실제 ························································· 113
Chapter 09 교육평가
Section 01 평가도구의 양호도 ······················ 124
01 타당도 ·································································· 124
02 신뢰도 ·································································· 127
03 객관도와 실용도 ················································· 132
Section 02 교육평가의 모형 ··························· 134
01 타일러의 목표중심적 접근 ······························· 134
02 스터플빔의 의사결정모형 ································ 135
03 스크리븐의 탈목표모형 ···································· 136
04 아이스너의 예술적 비평모형 ··························· 137
Section 03 교육평가의 유형 ··························· 139
01 상대평가 vs. 절대평가 ······································ 139
02 참조준거에 의한 평가 ······································· 142
03 양적 평가 vs. 질적 평가 ···································· 146
04 진단평가, 형성평가, 총괄평가 ························· 146
Section 04 수행평가 ·········································· 150
01 수행평가의 의미와 필요성 ······························· 150
02 수행평가의 특징 ················································· 151
03 수행평가의 방법 ················································· 152
04 수행평가의 장⋅단점 ········································ 154
05 수행평가의 문제점과 고려사항 ······················· 154
06 과정중심 평가 ····················································· 156
07 성취기준 평가 ····················································· 158
Section 05 문항분석 ·········································· 159
01 개념 ······································································ 159
02 문항곤란도 ·························································· 159
03 문항변별도 ·························································· 161
04 문항반응분포 ······················································ 162
Section 06 표준화 검사 ···································· 163
01 표준화 검사 ························································· 163
Chapter 10 교육통계
Section 01 교육통계의 이해 ··························· 168
01 모집단과 표본 ····················································· 168
02 변인과 측정치 ····················································· 168
03 집중경향치 ·························································· 170
04 변산도 ·································································· 172
05 원점수와 표준점수 ············································· 174
06 정상분포곡선 ······················································ 177
07 상관계수 ······························································ 177
Section 02 통계방법 ·········································· 179
01 t-test ··································································· 179
02 변량분석 ······························································ 180
03 회로분석 ······························································ 181
04 요인분석 ······························································ 181
Chapter 11 교육연구
Section 01 가설검증과 표집 ··························· 186
01 가설검증 ······························································ 186
02 확률적 표집방법 ················································· 187
03 비확률적 표집방법 ············································· 192
Section 02 연구 ··················································· 193
01 문화기술적 연구 ················································· 193
02 양적 연구 ····························································· 194
03 실험연구 ······························································ 196
04 현장연구 ······························································ 200
Section 03 자료수집 ·········································· 201
01 관찰법 ·································································· 201
02 질문지법 ······························································ 202
03 척도법 ·································································· 204
04 사회성 측정법 ····················································· 206
05 의미분석법 ·························································· 207
06 투사법 ·································································· 209
Chapter 12 교육방법
Section 01 교육방법의 기초 ··························· 218
01 교수－학습과정의 이해 ···································· 218
02 교수－학습원리 ·················································· 221
Section 02 수업이론의 기초 ··························· 224
01 수업에 영향을 주는 변인 ·································· 224
02 수업의 효율성 ····················································· 228
Section 03 수업설계 ·········································· 230
01 개요 ······································································ 230
02 체제적 수업설계 ················································· 231
03 구성주의적 수업설계 ········································· 236
04 라이겔루스의 교수설계전략 ···························· 240
05 수업설계과정 ······················································ 243
Section 04 교수－학습이론 ···························· 251
01 캐롤의 학교학습모형 ········································· 251
02 블룸의 완전학습모형 ········································· 253
03 브루너의 발견학습 ············································· 255
04 오수벨의 유의미학습 ········································· 258
05 가네와 브리그스의 목표별 수업이론 ·············· 263
06 켈러의 학습동기 유발을 위한 ARCS 이론 ···· 271
07 메릴의 내용요소 전시이론 ······························· 273
08 라이겔루스의 인지정교화 이론 ······················· 277
09 적성－처치 상호작용모형 ································ 280
10 무학년제 ······························································ 281
11 팀 티칭 ································································· 282
12 구성주의 교수－학습모형 ································ 283
13 내용교수지식 ······················································ 296
Section 05 수업방법 ·········································· 297
01 강의법 ·································································· 297
02 문답법 ·································································· 298
03 토의학습 ······························································ 300
04 협동학습 ······························································ 306
05 발견⋅탐구학습 ················································· 316
06 고든의 시넥틱스 ················································· 323
07 가치명료화 기법 ················································· 324
08 학습부진아 지도 ················································· 325
Section 06 학습양식 ·········································· 327
01 학습양식과 인지양식 ········································· 327
02 학습양식이론의 적용과 시사점 ······················· 327
Section 07 수업의 실제 ···································· 329
01 판서 ······································································ 329
02 발문 ······································································ 330
03 피드백과 교정기술 ············································· 332
04 동기유발기술 ······················································ 334
05 경청기술 ······························································ 335
Chapter 13 교육공학
Section 01 교육공학의 기초 ··························· 340
01 시청각 교육모델 ················································· 340
02 시청각 통신이론 ················································· 342
03 교수매체 ······························································ 346
04 교수매체연구의 패러다임 변화 ······················· 349
05 플로우 이론 ························································· 351
Section 02 교수매체 ·········································· 355
01 OHP와 TP ··························································· 355
02 컴퓨터 프로젝트 ················································· 360
Section 03 컴퓨터 활용수업 ··························· 362
01 컴퓨터 보조수업 ················································· 362
02 컴퓨터 관리수업 ················································· 364
03 컴퓨터 매개수업 ················································· 364
04 컴퓨터 활용평가 ················································· 365
Section 04 컴퓨터와 교육 ······························· 367
01 멀티미디어 ·························································· 367
02 인터넷과 교육 ····················································· 369
03 ICT 활용교육 ····················································· 370
Section 05 원격교육 및 가상교육 ················ 372
01 원격교육 ······························································ 372
02 u-learning ·························································· 375
Chapter 14 교육행정
Section 01 교육행정의 기초 ··························· 382
01 교육행정의 개념 구분 ······································· 382
02 교육행정의 원리 ················································· 382
Section 02 교육행정의 이론 ··························· 384
01 과학적 관리론 ····················································· 384
02 인간관계론 ·························································· 385
03 행동과학 ······························································ 387
04 체제론 ·································································· 388
05 상황조건론 ·························································· 390
06 인간자원론 ·························································· 390
Section 03 학교교육 조직론 ··························· 391
01 조직의 속성 ························································· 391
02 조직의 형태 ························································· 392
03 조직의 유형 ························································· 395
04 학교조직의 성격 ················································· 398
05 학교조직 풍토 ····················································· 403
06 학교조직 문화 ····················································· 406
07 교육조직 관리기법 ············································· 409
Section 04 학교조직의 지도성 ······················ 412
01 상황적 리더십 ····················································· 412
02 새로운 리더십 이론 ············································ 417
Section 05 학교조직의 동기부여 ················· 423
01 동기부여의 접근방법 ········································· 423
02 동기의 내용이론 ················································· 424
03 동기의 과정이론 ················································· 430
Section 06 교육기획과 정책 ··························· 432
01 교육기획 ······························································ 432
02 교육정책 ······························································ 434
03 의사결정모형 ······················································ 438
Section 07 학교예산 ·········································· 442
01 학교예산 회계제도 ············································· 442
02 학교예산의 여러 기법 ······································· 443
Section 08 교원론 ··············································· 447
01 현직교육 ······························································ 447
02 교원의 권리와 의무 ············································ 450
03 단위학교 책임경영 ············································· 450
Section 09 장학론 ··············································· 452
01 개요 ······································································ 452
02 장학모형 ······························································ 453
부 록 교사의 길⋅기출문제⋅색인
∙교사의 길 ································································ 464
∙기출문제(2013~2020학년도) ······················ 468
∙색인 ··········································································· 488