Grazing Management (Hardcover, 2, Revised)

Preface.
Introduction to Grazing:
The Role of Grazing Management.
Kinds of Grazing Lands.
Grazing Management Applications.
Grazing as an Ecosystem Component.
The Importance of Grazing.
Grazing and Land Use Planning.
Grazing Herbivore Nutrition:
Ruminants vs. Cecal Herbivores.
Nutrient Requirements.
Nutrient Levels in Forages and Ingesta.
Anti-quality Agents in Plants.
Animal Nutritional Balance:
Forage-Animal Plans.
Monitoring Grazing Animal Nutrition.
Supplementation Practices.
Grazing Seasons and Seasonal Balance:
The Forage Growth Cycle.
Determinants of the Grazing Season.
Seasonal Tolerance of Defoliation.
Balancing Seasonal Supply and Demand.
Complementary Grazing Programs.
Grazing Effects on Plants and Soil:
Grazing Effects in Perspective.
Defoliation and Plant Morphology.
Defoliation and Plant Physiology.
Physical Effects on Plants.
Grazing Effects on Soil.
Grazing Activities/Behavior:
Ingestive Behavior.
Daily Activities: Time Spent.
Daily Activities: Time of Day.
Spatial Patterns in Grazing:
Spatial Foraging Decisions.
Memory, Past Experience, and Training.
Determinants of Grazing Distribution.
Forage Factors in Site Selection.
Non-forage Vegetation Factors.
Slope and Related Physical Factors.
Distance from Water.
Outside Disruption.
Manipulating Grazing Distribution:
The Tools of Distribution.
Drinking Water Requirements.
Locating Drinking Water.
Fencing.
Herding and Handling.
Salting and Supplementation.
Other Site Attractants.
Special Problem: Riparian Zones.
Plant Selection in Grazing:
Selectivity.
Palatability (Plant).
Preference (Animal).
Patch Grazing: Problem or Benefit.
Kind and Mix of Grazing Animals:
Choice of Animal Species.
Kind of Animal.
Mixed Species Grazing.
Alternative Large Herbivores.
Interspecific Sociality.
Competition under Mixed Grazing.
Grazing Animal Intake and Equivalence:
Forage Dry Matter Intake.
Animal Equivalence and the Animal Unit Month.
Forage Allocation.
Grazing Capacity Inventory:
Relationships Among Stocking Variables.
Utilization Guidelines.
Setting Initial Stocking Rates.
Dynamics of Grazing Capacity.
Grazing Intensity:
Overgrazing vs. Overstocking.
Grazing Intensity Effects on Vegetation and Site.
Grazing Intensity Effects on Animals and Economics.
Managing Forage Production Fluctuations.
Grazing Methods:
Introduction to Special Grazing Techniques.
Role of Special Grazing Techniques.
Adapting Special Grazing Techniques.
Continuous Grazing Methods.
Seasonal Suitability Grazing Methods.
Deferred/Rested Grazing Methods.
High-Intensity Grazing Methods.
Grazing Systems:
Development of Grazing Systems.
Rotation Grazing.
Deferred Grazing Systems.
Rest Grazing Systems.
High-Intensity/Low Frequency (HILF) Grazing Systems.
Short-Duration Grazing System.
Grazing System Effects on Game Animals.
Grazing as an Environmental Tool:
Manipulative Benefits of Animal Grazing.
Biological Plant Control by Grazing.
Manipulating Animal Habitat by Grazing.
Grazing to Aid Forage Plant Seeding.
Grazing and Forest Regeneration.
Appendix.
Glossary.
Literature Cited.
Index.