Modern Physics, Loose-Leaf (Loose-leaf, 4th)

· 제목 : Modern Physics, Loose-Leaf (Loose-leaf, 4th) 
· 분류 : 외국도서 > 과학/수학/생태 > 과학 > 물리학 > 일반
· ISBN : 9781119495550
· 쪽수 : 592쪽
· 출판일 : 2019-04-23

Preface v

1. Some deficiencies of Classical Physics 1

1.1 Review of Classical Physics 3

1.2 Deficiencies in Classical Concepts of Space and Time 11

1.3 Deficiencies in the Classical Theory of Particle Statistics 13

1.4 Theory, Experiment, Law 20

Questions 21

Problems 22

2. The Special Theory of Relativity 25

2.1 Classical Relativity 26

2.2 The Michelson-Morley Experiment 29

2.3 Einstein’s Postulates 31

2.4 Consequences of Einstein’s Postulates 32

2.5 The Lorentz Transformation 40

2.6 The Twin Paradox 44

2.7 Relativistic Dynamics 47

2.8 Conservation Laws in Relativistic Decays and Collisions 53

2.9 Experimental Tests of Special Relativity 56

Questions 63

Problems 64

3. The Particlelike Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation 69

3.1 Review of Electromagnetic Waves 70

3.2 The Photoelectric Effect 75

3.3 Thermal Radiation 80

3.4 The Compton Effect 87

3.5 Other Photon Processes 91

3.6 Particles or Waves 94

Questions 97

Problems 98

4. The Wavelike Properties of Particles 101

4.1 De Broglie’s Hypothesis 102

4.2 Experimental Evidence for De Broglie Waves 104

4.3 Uncertainty Relationships for Classical Waves 110

4.4 Heisenberg Uncertainty Relationships 113

4.5 Wave Packets 119

4.6 The Motion of a Wave Packet 123

4.7 Probability and Randomness 126

Questions 128

Problems 129

5. The Schrödinger Equation 133

5.1 Behavior of a Wave at a Boundary 134

5.2 Confining a Particle 138

5.3 The Schrödinger Equation 140

5.4 Applications of the Schrödinger Equation 144

5.5 The Simple Harmonic Oscillator 155

5.6 Steps and Barriers 158

Questions 166

Problems 166

6. The Rutherford-Bohr Model of the Atom 169

6.1 Basic Properties of Atoms 170

6.2 Scattering Experiments and the Thomson Model 171

6.3 The Rutherford Nuclear Atom 174

6.4 Line Spectra 180

6.5 The Bohr Model 183

6.6 The Franck-Hertz Experiment 189

6.7 The Correspondence Principle 190

6.8 Deficiencies of the Bohr Model 191

Questions 193

Problems 194

7. The Hydrogen Atom in Wave Mechanics 197

7.1 A One-Dimensional Atom 198

7.2 Angular Momentum in the Hydrogen Atom 200

7.3 The Hydrogen Atom Wave Functions 203

7.4 Radial Probability Densities 207

7.5 Angular Probability Densities 210

7.6 Intrinsic Spin 211

7.7 Energy Levels and Spectroscopic Notation 216

7.8 The Zeeman Effect 217

7.9 Fine Structure 219

Questions 222

Problems 222

8. Many-Electron Atoms 225

8.1 The Pauli Exclusion Principle 226

8.2 Electronic States in Many-Electron Atoms 228

8.3 Outer Electrons: Screening and Optical Transitions 232

8.4 Properties of the Elements 235

8.5 Inner Electrons: Absorption Edges and X Rays 240

8.6 Addition of Angular Momenta 244

8.7 Lasers 248

Questions 252

Problems 253

9. Molecular Structure 257

9.1 The Hydrogen Molecule 258

9.2 Covalent Bonding in Molecules 262

9.3 Ionic Bonding 271

9.4 Molecular Vibrations 275

9.5 Molecular Rotations 278

9.6 Molecular Spectra 281

Questions 286

Problems 286

10. Statistical Physics 289

10.1 Statistical Analysis 290

10.2 Classical and Quantum Statistics 292

10.3 The Density of States 296

10.4 The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution 301

10.5 Quantum Statistics 306

10.6 Applications of Bose-Einstein Statistics 309

10.7 Applications of Fermi-Dirac Statistics 314

Questions 320

Problems 321

11. Solid-State Physics 325

11.1 Crystal Structures 326

11.2 The Heat Capacity of Solids 334

11.3 Electrons in Metals 338

11.4 Band Theory of Solids 342

11.5 Superconductivity 346

11.6 Intrinsic and Impurity Semiconductors 350

11.7 Semiconductor Devices 353

11.8 Magnetic Materials 357

Questions 364

Problems 365

12. Nuclear Structure and Radioactivity 369

12.1 Nuclear Constituents 370

12.2 Nuclear Sizes and Shapes 372

12.3 Nuclear Masses and Binding Energies 374

12.4 The Nuclear Force 378

12.5 Quantum States in Nuclei 380

12.6 Radioactive Decay 382

12.7 Alpha Decay 387

12.8 Beta Decay 391

12.9 Gamma Decay and Nuclear Excited States 394

12.10 Natural Radioactivity 398

Questions 402

Problems 403

13. Nuclear Reactions and Applications 407

13.1 Types of Nuclear Reactions 408

13.2 Radioisotope Production in Nuclear Reactions 412

13.3 Low-Energy Reaction Kinematics 414

13.4 Fission 416

13.5 Fusion 422

13.6 Nucleosynthesis 428

13.7 Applications of Nuclear Physics 432

Questions 437

Problems 437

14. Elementary Particles 441

14.1 The Four Basic Forces 442

14.2 Classifying Particles 444

14.3 Conservation Laws 448

14.4 Particle Interactions and Decays 453

14.5 Energy and Momentum in Particle Decays 458

14.6 Energy and Momentum in Particle Reactions 460

14.7 The Quark Structure of Mesons and Baryons 464

14.8 The Standard Model 470

Questions 474

Problems 474

15. Cosmology: The Origin and Fate of the Universe 477

15.1 The Expansion of the Universe 478

15.2 The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation 482

15.3 Dark Matter 484

15.4 The General Theory of Relativity 486

15.5 Tests of General Relativity 493

15.6 Stellar Evolution and Black Holes 496

15.7 Cosmology and General Relativity 501

15.8 The Big Bang Cosmology 503

15.9 The Formation of Nuclei and Atoms 506

15.10 Experimental Cosmology 509

Questions 514

Problems 515

Appendix A: Constants and Conversion Factors 517

Appendix B: Complex Numbers 519

Appendix C: Periodic Table of the Elements 521

Appendix D: Table of Atomic Masses 523

Appendix E: Some Milestones in the History of Modern Physics Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems 533

Index 539

Index to Tables 545