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· 제목 : Chemistry of Natural Products: Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins and Enzymes (Hardcover, 2022)
· 분류 : 외국도서 > 과학/수학/생태 > 과학 > 화학 > 유기화학
· ISBN : 9783030866976
· 쪽수 : 243쪽
· 출판일 : 2022-12-02
· 분류 : 외국도서 > 과학/수학/생태 > 과학 > 화학 > 유기화학
· ISBN : 9783030866976
· 쪽수 : 243쪽
· 출판일 : 2022-12-02
목차
CHAPTER -1: AMINO ACIDS
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 NOMENCLATURE OF AMINO ACIDS
1.2.1 Representation of Amino Acids
1.3 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS
1.3.1 Coded or Primary Protein Amino Acids
1.3.1.1 Nonpolar or Apolar Amino Acids
1.3.1.2 Neutral or Uncharged Polar Amino Acids
1.3.1.3 Charged Polar Amino Acids
1.3.2 Secondary and Tertiary Protein Amino Acids
1.3.3 Non-Coded or Non-Protein Amino Acids
1.3.4 Essential Amino Acids
1.4 STEREOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF a- AMINO ACIDS
1.4.1 Absolute Configuration of a-Amino Acids1.4.1.1 The RS Notation
1.4.2 Amino Acids with Two Chiral Centres
1.5 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF a-AMINO ACIDS
1.5.1 General Physical Properties
1.5.2 Acid-Base Properties of Amino Acids
1.5.2.1 Amino Acids with Non-Ionisable Side Chains
1.5.2.2 Amino Acids with Ionisable Side Chains
1.5.3 Spectral Properties of a-Amino Acids
1.5.3.1 Mass Spectrometry
1.5.3.2 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
1.5.3.3 UV Spectroscopy
1.5.3.4 IR Spectroscopy
1.5.3.4 Circular Dichroism (CD)
CONTENTS
viii Chemistry of Natural Products
1.6 CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF AMINO ACIDS
1.6.1 Reactions due to Amino Group
1.6.2 Reactions due to Carboxyl Group
1.6.3 Reactions due to both Amino and Carboxyl Groups
1.7 INDUSTRIAL PREPARATION OF a-AMINO ACIDS
1.8 CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF a-AMINO ACIDS
1.8.1 Enantiomeric Resolution of a-Amino Acids
1.8.2 Asymmetric Synthesis of a-Amino Acids
1.9 INDUSTRIAL AP PLICATIONS OF a-AMINO ACIDS
Exercises
CHAPTER -2 : PEPTIDES
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF PEPTIDES
2.2.1 Structure of Peptide Bond
2.2.2 Classification of Peptides
2.3 NOMENCLATURE OF PEPTIDES
2.3.1 Representation of Peptides and Polypeptides
2.4 PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
2.4.1 Protection of Amino Group
2.4.2 Protection of Carboxyl Group
2.4.3 Protection of Side Chains
2.4.4 Coupling Methods
2.5 SOLID PHASE PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
2.5.1 Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis using
t-Boc Protection (Merrifield Approach)
2.5.2 Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis using
Fmoc Protection (Sheppard’s Approach)
2.5.3 Limitations of Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis
2.6 SOME BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT PEPTIDES
2.6.1 Oxytocin
ix Amino Acids
2.6.2 Glutathione
2.6.2.1 Role of Glutathione in Disulphide Bond Formation
2.6.2.2 Role of Glutathione as an Antioxidant
2.6.3 Insulin
2.6.3.1 Structure Determination of Insulin
2.6.4 Bradykinin
2.6.5 Gramicidin
Exercises
CHAPTER -3: PROTEINS
3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS
3.2.1 Classification on the Basis of Shape and Structure
3.2.2 Classification on the Basis of Products of Hydrolysis
3.2.3 Classification on the Basis of Biological Functions
3.3 PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS
3.3.1 Molecular Weight
3.3.2 Amphoteric Nature
3.3.3 Solubility
3.3.4 Precipitation
3.3.5 Denaturation
3.3.6 Colour Reactions
3.4 STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION OF PROTEINS
3.4.1 Covalent or Primary Structure of Proteins
3.4.1.1 Amino Acid Composition of Proteins
3.4.1.2 Amino Acid Sequence of Polypeptides
3.4.2 Conformational Aspects of Proteins: Higher Order Structures
3.4.2.1 Secondary Structure of Proteins
3.4.2.2 Tertiary Structure of Proteins
3.4.2.3 Quaternary Structure of Proteins
Exercises CHAPTER - 4: ENZYMES
4.1 INTRODUCTION
x Chemistry of Natural Products
4.2 NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF ENZYMES
4.2.1 Systematic and Recommended Names
4.2.2 Classification Numbers and Code Names
4.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF ENZYMES 4.3.1 Catalytic Power
4.3.2 Enzyme Specificity
4.3.3 Enzyme Regulation
4.4
MECHANISM OF ENZYME ACTION
4.5 FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME ACTION
4.6 CHYMOTRYPSIN: AN ENZYME IN ACTION 4.6.1 Structure of Chymotrypsin
4.6.2 Important Amino Acid Residues of Chymotrypsin
4.6.3 Mechanism of Action
4.7 COFACTORS (or COENZYMES)
4.7.1 Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) and
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADP+)
4.7.2 UDP-Glucose
4.7.3 Flavin Mononucleotide (FMN) and Flavin
Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD)
4.7.4 Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP)
4.7.5 CoCarboxylase
4.7.6 Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate
4.8 ENZYMES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS
4.8.1 Enzymatic Oxidations
4.8.2 Enzymatic Hydroxylation
4.8.3 Enzymatic Hydrolysis
4.8.4 Enzymatic Reductions
4.8.5 Enzymatic Isomerisations
4.6.6 Pharmaceutical Applications of Enzymes
Exercises
Glossary
Index
