인공지능기술 활용 언어교육

머리말 ···································································· 2

제1부 인공지능기술의 개관········································13
제1장 인공지능기술의 개관 / 박광현 ·································15
▬ 인공지능의 개념 ·····························································16
▬ 강인공지능과 약인공지능 ··············································17
▬ 인공지능의 간략한 역사 ················································19
▬ 상상 속의 인공지능 ························································24
▬ 인공지능과 로봇 ·····························································25
▬ 머신러닝 ···········································································29
▬ 딥러닝과 뉴럴 네트워크 ················································31
▬ 자연어처리 ·······································································35
▬ 대화형 인터페이스-챗봇 ················································37
▬ 인공지능의 진화 ·····························································40
▬ 메타버스 ···········································································41
▬ 인공지능 시대의 교육 ····················································43

제2부 언어교육에 활용되는 인공지능기술 ······················45
제2장 기계번역 / 김주혜 ···············································47
WHAT: 기술 소개 ······························································48
▬ 기계번역의 등장 ·····························································48
▬ 기계번역의 발전 ·····························································50
▬ 기계번역 기술의 유형 ··················································53
▬ 기계번역 시스템의 종류 ··············································59
▬ 기계번역 오류의 원인 ····················································63
▬ 기계번역의 오류 유형 ····················································64
▬ 기계번역 포스트에디팅 가이드라인 ·····························65
WHY: 활용 이유 ·································································67
▬ 언어교육과 기계번역 ······················································67
▬ 쓰기 교수학습 도구=번역기 ··········································70
▬ 말하기 교수학습 도구=번역기 ······································72
▬ 번역기 활용에 대한 시각 ··············································73
HOW: 활용 방법 ································································75
▬ 활동 1: 이모티콘 영작하고 그려보기 ··························76
▬ 활동 2: 컴퓨터 게임 방법 영작하고 발표하기 ··········79
▬ 활동 3: 영문 이력서 작성하기 ·····································82

제3장 챗봇 / 김영우 ····················································85
WHAT: 기술 소개 ······························································86
▬ 챗봇의 간략한 역사 ························································86
▬ 챗봇이 일반화된 이유 ····················································87
▬ 챗봇 시스템 ·····································································89
▬ 챗봇의 유형 ·····································································91
▬ 챗봇의 용도 ·····································································93
▬ 챗봇의 제작 ·····································································94
WHY: 활용 이유 ·································································97
▬ 언어 사용 기회 제공 ······················································97
▬ 대화 부담감 감소 ···························································97
▬ 음성과 문자 모두 사용 ··················································98
▬ 초급 학습자에게 유리 ····················································99
▬ 챗봇 대화 데이터 활용 ··················································99
HOW: 활용 방법 ······························································101
▬ 활동 1: 챗봇과 잡담하기 ············································102
▬ 활동 2: 챗봇에게 정보 요청하기 ·······························106
▬ 활동 3: 챗봇 과제 수행하기 ······································109

제4장 메타버스 / 최정혜 ·············································113
WHAT: 기술 소개 ····························································114
▬ 메타버스란? ···································································114
▬ 메타버스 혁명 ·······························································117
▬ 메타버스 1.0 ································································118
▬ 메타버스 특징 ·······························································122
▬ 메타버스 구축을 위한 기반 기술 ·······························124
▬ 메타버스의 겨울 ···························································127
▬ 메타버스 2.0 ································································128
▬ 메타버스 2.0 플랫폼 ···················································137
▬ 메타버스에 열광하는 MZ세대 ····································139
▬ 메타버스 3.0 ································································141
WHY: 활용 이유 ······························································142
▬ 다양한 경험의 공간, 메타버스 ···································142
▬ 매력적인 맥락적 언어 학습 기회 제공 ·····················144
▬ 메타버스를 통한 몰입학습 ··········································145
▬ 게이미피케이션 활용 즐거운 언어 배움 경험 ··········147
▬ 멀티 리터러시로서의 메타버스 리터러시 ··················148
HOW: 활용 방법 ······························································154
▬ 언어교육에서의 메타버스 활용 제안 ·························155
▬ 활동 1: 아바타들과 이야기 나누기 ···························157
▬ 활동 2: 한국 역사 등에 대해 이야기 나누기 ··········162
▬ 활동 3: 다른 아바타에게 자기 소개하기 ················164

제3부 언어교육 관련 인공지능기술의 이해 ··················169
제5장 자연어이해 및 생성 기술 / 원용국 ··························171
WHAT: 기술 소개 ····························································172
▬ 자연어처리의 의미 ·······················································172
▬ 자연어처리의 간략한 역사 ··········································173
▬ 자연어처리의 종류 ·······················································178
▬ 임베딩: 기계는 자연어를 어떻게 이해하나? ············180
▬ 언어모델: 기계는 자연어를 어떻게 생성하나? ·········194
WHY: 활용 이유 ······························································201
▬ 기반 기술로서의 자연어처리 ······································201
▬ 코퍼스 분석 및 교재 개발 ··········································202
▬ 자연어처리 기술과 언어 평가 ····································205

제6장 음성인식 및 합성 기술 / 안현기 ····························209
WHAT: 기술 소개 ····························································210
▬ 음성 연쇄 ······································································211
▬ 인간의 청해 과정 ·························································213
▬ 인간의 발화 과정 ·······················································219
▬ 음성인식과 지식 ···························································221
▬ 음성인식 기술의 역사 ················································222
▬ 인공지능과 음성인식 기술 ··········································225
▬ 음성합성 기술의 역사 ··················································228
▬ 인공지능과 음성합성 기술 ··········································233
WHY: 활용이유 ································································236
▬ 음소 인식과 음성인식 및 음성합성 기술 ·················237
▬ 발화 이해도와 음성인식 기술 ····································242

제4부 인공지능기술의 언어교육 교육과정 적용 ···········247
제7장 인공지능기술의 언어교육 교육과정 적용 / 저자 일동 ·····249
▬ 들어가며 ········································································250
▬ 인공지능기술 관련 교육 필요성의 대두 ···················250
▬ 어느 과목에서 가르칠 것인가 ····································254
▬ 무엇을 가르칠 것인가 ··················································258
▬ 누가 가르칠 것인가 ·····················································261
▬ 어떻게 가르칠 것인가 ··················································264
▬ 어떤 결과를 얻을 것인가 ············································268
▬ 마무리 ············································································271