친환경 저탄소 에너지 시스템

제1편 저탄소친환경 에너지기술

제1장 온실가스와 에너지문제
1-1 에너지의 생성과 이동 ··············14
1-2 기후변화협약 (UNFCCC)과 당사국 총회(COP) ····························18
1-3 지구온난화 문제와 대책 ············21
1-4 오존층 파괴현상과 자외선 ··········23
1-5 온실가스 배출권 거래제 ············25
1-6 석유환산톤(TOE)과 이산화탄소톤(TCO2) · 27
1-7 에너지절약 및 폐열회수 기술 ········31
1-8 온도차 에너지와 지하수의 활용 ·····33
1-9 초에너지절약형 건물 ···············35
1-10 낭비운전 및 과잉운전 대처방법 ·····41
1-11 증기 재이용 공정시스템 ···········43
1-12 저탄소 관련 용어해설 ·············45

제2장 친환경ㆍ생태 건축
2-1 건축환경 계획법 ··················50
2-2 건축 대지의 선정 ·················51
2-3 공동주택과 녹지공간 ···············53
2-4 자연형 태양열주택 시스템 ··········55
2-5 태양광 자연채광시스템 ·············59
2-6 연돌효과와 역연돌효과 ·············62
2-7 이중외피(Double Skin) 방식 ········65
2-8 중수도 설비 ······················68
2-9 빗물 이용 시스템 ·················71
2-10 쓰레기 관로수송시스템 ············73
2-11 녹색건축 인증에 관한 규칙 ········76
2-12 그린리모델링(녹색건축화) ··········77
2-13 제로에너지 하우스와 제로카본 하우스 · 90
2-14 생태건축 (친환경적 건축) ··········92
2-15 생태연못 ························94
2-16 글로벌 친환경건축물 평가제도 ·····95
2-17 친환경건축 관련 용어해설 ········101

제2편 신재생에너지기술과 경제성

제1장 신재생에너지
1-1 신재생에너지 이용 정책 ···········106
1-2 태양에너지의 활용법과 특징 ·······109
1-3 태양광에너지(Photovoltaics) ·······114
1-4 태양광발전 시스템 ················123
1-5 태양열에너지 ····················137
1-6 지열에너지 ······················151
1-7 지열 히트펌프 폐열회수 기술 ·······159
1-8 풍력발전 ························164
1-9 수력에너지 ······················168
1-10 바이오에너지 ···················173
1-11 폐기물에너지 ····················175
1-12 해양에너지 ·····················176

제2장 신에너지와 경제성 분석
2-1 수소에너지 ······················181
2-2 연료전지 ························183
2-3 석탄액화ㆍ가스화 및 중질잔사유 가스화에너지 ··························189
2-4 신재생에너지 발전원가 ············191
2-5 신재생에너지 경제성 분석 ·········192
2-6 신재생에너지 관련 용어해설 ·······194

제3편 건물환경과 친환경 설비시스템

제1장 열(熱) 및 수질관리
1-1 열의 이동과 전파 ·················198
1-2 열교 현상과 얼룩무늬 현상 ········202
1-3 건물의 법적 열관류율 기준 ········205
1-4 단열재 사용두께 결정방법 ·········207
1-5 보온재(단열재)와 방습재 ··········208
1-6 벽체의 단열시공 및 성능평가 ······210
1-7 표면결로와 내부결로 ··············212
1-8 단열창호 적용방법 ················217
1-9 투과율 가변유리 ··················219
1-10 전산유체역학(CFD：Computational Fluid Dynamics) ··················221
1-11 수원 종류와 경도 ················222
1-12 정수 처리 방식 ·················223
1-13 초순수 (Ultra Pure Water) 기술 ···· 224
1-14 절수 대책 ······················226
1-15 수영장 설비의 여과 및 살균 ······227
1-16 수소이온 농도지수 (pH) ··········230
1-17 배관의 부식 문제 ················231
1-18 배관의 스케일(Scale) 문제 ········235
1-19 수질 관련 용어해설 ··············238

제2장 공조와 에너지
2-1 각종 공조방식별 특징 ·············243
2-2 복사냉ㆍ난방 방식 ···············248
2-3 바닥취출 공조시스템(UFAC：Free Access Floor System) ·253
2-4 저속 치환공조 ···················256
2-5 거주역/비거주역(Task/Ambient) 공조 시스템 ··························257
2-6 윗목/아랫목 시스템 ··············259
2-7 방향공조 (향기공조) ··············260
2-8 1/ 흔들림 공조 ·················261
2-9 퍼지(Fuzzy) 제어 ················262
2-10 초고층 건축물의 공조와 에너지 ··· 263
2-11 대공간 건물공조와 에너지 ········265
2-12 호텔 건물의 공조와 에너지 ·······268
2-13 병원건물의 공조와 에너지 ········269
2-14 백화점 건물의 공조와 에너지 ·····270
2-15 IB (인텔리전트 빌딩)의 공조와 에너지· 272
2-16 클린룸 (Clean Room) ············275
2-17 공동주택 에너지절약 현장기술 ····282
2-18 공조와 에너지 관련 용어해설 ·····283

제3장 공기의 질 관리
3-1 IAQ (Indoor Air Quality, 실내공기의 질) ···················285
3-2 실내 필요환기량 계산법 ···········287
3-3 환기방식의 종류 및 특징 ··········288
3-4 외기 엔탈피 제어방법 ············289
3-5 아파트의 ‘주방환기’ ···············291
3-6 공조용 필터별 특징 ··············293
3-7 환기효율 및 공기연령 ·············296
3-8 PM 10 (미세분진) ················299
3-9 코안다 효과 (Coanda Effect) ······300
3-10 HACCP (식품위해요소 중점관리기준) ·302
3-11 HACCP의 공조설비 ··············305
3-12 GMP(Good Manufacturing Practice) · 308
3-13 휘발성 유기화합물질(VOC：Volatile Organic Compounds) ············309
3-14 공기질 관련 용어해설 ············312

제4장 에너지 반송시스템
4-1 덕트의 취출구 및 흡입구 ··········314
4-2 덕트 최적 기류특성 ···············317
4-3 VAV 시스템의 종류별 특징 ········320
4-4 실링 리턴 방식(Ceiling Plenum Return) ·········323
4-5 송풍기의 분류 및 특징 ············325
4-6 송풍기의 풍량 제어 방법 ··········329
4-7 송풍기나 펌프의 서징(Surging) 현상 · 331
4-8 펌프 (Pump)의 분류별 특징 ········333
4-9 유효흡입양정(NPSH) ·············338
4-10 펌프의 Cavitation (공동현상) ·····339
4-11 펌프의 특성곡선과 비속도 ········342
4-12 배관저항의 균형 ················344
4-13 에너지 반송시스템 관련 용어해설 ··346

제5장 소음과 진동
5-1 소음 (dB)의 개념과 표현 ··········349
5-2 음의 성질(흡음과 차음)과 방음 대책 · 350
5-3 소음기(Sound Absorber) ··········353
5-4 공조시스템의 소음 및 진동의 전달 ··355
5-5 소음의 합성법 ···················356
5-6 건축기계설비의 소음발생 원인과 대책 ·357
5-7 고층아파트 배수설비에 의해 발생되는 소음 ····························358
5-8 급배수설비의 소음 측정 ···········359
5-9 배관 진동의 원인과 방진대책 ······362
5-10 소음 관련 용어 ·················363

제4편 친환경 열에너지 & 냉동에너지

제1장 냉동에너지효율
1-1 친환경 대체냉매 개발 ·············372
1-2 R-1234yf (Low-GWP 냉매) ·······374
1-3 PCM (상변화물질) ················375
1-4 열교환기의 파울링계수 ············377
1-5 압축비(압력비) ···················378
1-6 히트펌프의 성적계수 (COP) ········379
1-7 IPLV와 SEER (기간 에너지효율) ····380
1-8 열전반도체(열전기 발전기：Thermoelectric Generator) 기술 ··················381
1-9 2단 압축 Cycle ··················382
1-10 2단 압축 2단 팽창 Cycle ·········383
1-11 2원 냉동시스템 ·················384
1-12 다효압축(Multi Effect Refrigeration) · 387
1-13 냉동에너지효율 관련 용어해설 ·····388

제2장 열교환시스템
2-1 판형(Plate Type) 열교환기 ········391
2-2 액-가스 열교환기와 중간 냉각기 ···· 392
2-3 막상 응축과 적상 응축 ············394
2-4 대수평균 온도차 (LMTD) ··········395
2-5 냉동부하에 따른  - 선도의 변화 · 397
2-6 압축기의 흡입압력과 토출압력 문제 · 398
2-7 실제의  - 선도 해석 ···········400
2-8 압축효율과 체적효율 ··············401
2-9 비등 (沸騰) 열전달 ···············403
2-10 열파이프 (Heat Pipe) ············404
2-11 와류 튜브 (Vortex Tube) ·········407
2-12 전열교환기(HRV, ERV) ··········408
2-13 에어커튼 (Air Curtain) ···········412
2-14 이중 응축기(Double Bundle Condenser) ······415
2-15 열교환시스템 관련 용어해설 ······416

제3장 냉열원기기 시스템
3-1 고효율 히트펌프시스템 ············419
3-2 공기-공기 히트펌프(Air to Air Heat Pump) ··········422
3-3 공기-물 히트펌프(Air to Air Water Heat Pump) ····424
3-4 수열원 천정형 히트펌프방식 ·······426
3-5 태양열원 히트펌프(SSHP：Solar Source Heat Pump) ·427
3-6 지열원 히트펌프(GSHP：Ground Source Heat Pump) · 429
3-7 가스구동 히트펌프 (GHP) ··········433
3-8 빙축열(공조) 시스템 ··············436
3-9 수축열 냉ㆍ난방 시스템 ···········438
3-10 저냉수ㆍ저온공조 방식(저온 급기 방식) ················440
3-11 흡수식 냉동기 ··················442
3-12 2중 효용 흡수식 냉동기 ··········444
3-13 3중 효용 흡수식 냉동기 ··········446
3-14 흡수식 열펌프 ··················448
3-15 직화식 냉온수기 ·················451
3-16 흡착식 냉동기 ··················452
3-17 GAX (Generator Absorber Exchange)사이클 ·························454
3-18 대온도차 냉동기(냉동시스템) ······456
3-19 이산화탄소 냉동 사이클 ··········459
3-20 냉각탑(Cooling Tower)의 효율관리 460
3-21 외기냉수냉방(Free Cooling, Free Water Cooling) · 469
3-22 냉열원기기 관련 용어해설 ········472

제4장 온열원기기 시스템
4-1 보일러의 종류별 특장점 ···········477
4-2 보일러의 에너지절약 방안 ·········484
4-3 급탕설비의 에너지 절감 대책 ······485
4-4 증기난방의 감압밸브(Pressure Reducing Valve) ········486
4-5 증기보일러에서의 과열의 목적 및 이점 ····························488
4-6 증기 어큐뮬레이터(Steam Accumulator, 축열기) ·····489
4-7 수격현상 (Water Hammering) ·····490
4-8 지역난방 시스템 ·················492
4-9 열병합 발전 (Co-generation) ······495
4-10 온열원기기 시스템 관련 용어해설 ·· 498

제5편 전기에너지와 제어기법

제1장 전기에너지
1-1 전력과 역률의 개선 ···············508
1-2 전압강하율 결정 ·················510
1-3 변압기 효율과 분류 ···············511
1-4 고효율 변압기 ···················513
1-5 전력부하 지표 ···················515
1-6 전기 접지공사 ···················515
1-7 에너지 저장시스템(ESS：Energy Storage System) ····518
1-8 분산형 전원 배전계통 연계 ········520
1-9 직ㆍ교류 송전방식 비교 ···········525
1-10 송전선로 ·······················526
1-11 배전선로 배전방식 ···············536
1-12 유도전동기의 기동방식 ···········541
1-13 조도 계산방법 ··················543
1-14 색온도와 연색성 ················550
1-15 대기전력 저감대상제품(에너지이용합리화법 시행규칙) ·····551
1-16 고효율에너지인증대상기자재 및 적용범위 ·······················552
1-17 전기설비 관련 용어해설 ··········555

제2장 자동제어 및 시스템 관리기법
2-1 자동제어 ························560
2-2 ICT(정보통신기술) 발달에 따른 응용기술 ························565
2-3 빌딩 에너지관리시스템(BEMS) ·····567
2-4 BACnet ························569
2-5 공실 제어 방법 ··················570
2-6 유비쿼터스 (Ubiquitous) ··········572
2-7 사물 인터넷(IOT：Internet Of Things) ········572
2-8 BIM(Building Information Modeling) ··573
2-9 VVVF (Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) ······················576
2-10 자기공명방식의 무선전력 전송 ····578
2-11 LCC(Life Cycle Cost ; 생애주기 비용) · 579
2-12 LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) ····580
2-13 빌딩 커미셔닝(Building Commissioning) ·······582
2-14 설비의 내구연한 (내용연수) ·······583
2-15 VE (Value Engineering) ·········584
2-16 자동제어 관련 용어해설 ··········587

• 참고문헌 ·····························································································591
• 찾아보기 ·····························································································592