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· 분류 : 외국도서 > 과학/수학/생태 > 과학 > 물리학 > 일반
· ISBN : 9781119454014
· 쪽수 : 1280쪽
· 출판일 : 2020-01-30
목차
1 Measurement 1
1-1 Measuring Things, Including Lengths 1
1-2 Time 5
1-3 Mass 6
Review & Summary 8 Problems 8
2 Motion Along a Straight Line 11
2-1 Position, Displacement, and Average Velocity 11
2-2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed 16
2-3 Acceleration 18
2-4 Constant Acceleration 21
2-5 Free-Fall Acceleration 25
2-6 Graphical Integration in Motion Analysis 27
Review & Summary 28 Problems 29
3 Vectors 34
3-1 Vectors and Their Components 34
3-2 Unit Vectors, Adding Vectors By Components 40
3-3 Multiplying Vectors 44
Review & Summary 49 Problems 50
4 Motion in Two and Three Dimensions 53
4-1 Position and Displacement 53
4-2 Average Velocity and Instantaneous Velocity 55
4-3 Average Acceleration and Instantaneous Acceleration 58
4-4 Projectile Motion 61
4-5 Uniform Circular Motion 67
4-6 Relative Motion in One Dimension 69
4-7 Relative Motion in Two Dimensions 71
Review & Summary 72 Problems 73
5 Force and Motion?I 79
5-1 Newton’s First and Second Laws 79
5-2 Some Particular Forces 87
5-3 Applying Newton’s Laws 91
Review & Summary 99 Problems 99
6 Force and Motion?II 104
6-1 Friction 104
6-2 The Drag Force and Terminal Speed 110
6-3 Uniform Circular Motion 113
Review & Summary 118 Problems 119
7 Kinetic Energy and Work 125
7-1 Kinetic Energy 125
7-2 Work and Kinetic Energy 127
7-3 Work Done By The Gravitational Force 131
7-4 Work Done By a Spring Force 135
7-5 Work Done By a General Variable Force 138
7-6 Power 142
Review & Summary 144 Problems 145
8 Potential Energy and Conservation of?Energy 150
8-1 Potential Energy 150
8-2 Conservation of Mechanical Energy 157
8-3 Reading a Potential Energy Curve 160
8-4 Work Done On a System by An External Force 164
8-5 Conservation of Energy 168
Review & Summary 172 Problems 173
9 Center of Mass and Linear Momentum 181
9-1 Center of Mass 181
9-2 Newton’s Second Law for a System of Particles 187
9-3 Linear Momentum 191
9-4 Collision and Impulse 193
9-5 Conservation of Linear Momentum 197
9-6 Momentum and Kinetic Energy in Collisions 200
9-7 Elastic Collisions in One Dimension 204
9-8 Collisions in Two Dimensions 207
9-9 Systems with Varying Mass: a Rocket 208
Review & Summary 210 Problems 212
10 Rotation 217
10-1 Rotational Variables 217
10-2 Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration 226
10-3 Relating The Linear and Angular Variables 228
10-4 Kinetic Energy of Rotation 231
10-5 Calculating The Rotational Inertia 233
10-6 Torque 237
10-7 Newton’s Second Law For Rotation 239
10-8 Work and Rotational Kinetic Energy 242
Review & Summary 245 Problems 246
11 Rolling, Torque, and Angular Momentum 251
11-1 Rolling As Translation and Rotation Combined 251
11-2 Forces and Kinetic Energy of Rolling 254
11-3 The Yo-Yo 257
11-4 Torque Revisited 258
11-5 Angular Momentum 261
11-6 Newton’s Second Law in Angular Form 263
11-7 Angular Momentum of a Rigid Body 266
11-8 Conservation of Angular Momentum 268
11-9 Precession of a Gyroscope 273
Review & Summary 274 Problems 275
12 Equilibrium and Elasticity 280
12-1 Equilibrium 280
12-2 Some Examples of Static Equilibrium 285
12-3 Elasticity 291
Review & Summary 296 Problems 296
13 Gravitation 302
13-1 Newton’s Law of Gravitation 302
13-2 Gravitation and The Principle of Superposition 305
13-3 Gravitation Near Earth’s Surface 307
13-4 Gravitation Inside Earth 310
13-5 Gravitational Potential Energy 312
13-6 Planets and Satellites: Kepler’s Laws 316
13-7 Satellites: Orbits and Energy 319
13-8 Einstein and Gravitation 322
Review & Summary 324 Problems 325
14 Fluids 330
14-1 Fluids, Density, and Pressure 330
14-2 Fluids at Rest 332
14-3 Measuring Pressure 336
14-4 Pascal’s Principle 337
14-5 Archimedes’ Principle 338
14-6 The Equation of Continuity 342
14-7 Bernoulli’s Equation 345
Review & Summary 349 Problems 349
15 Oscillations 354
15-1 Simple Harmonic Motion 354
15-2 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion 362
15-3 An Angular Simple Harmonic Oscillator 364
15-4 Pendulums, Circular Motion 365
15-5 Damped Simple Harmonic Motion 371
15-6 Forced Oscillations and Resonance 373
Review & Summary 375 Problems 375
16 Waves?I 380
16-1 Transverse Waves 380
16-2 Wave Speed on a Stretched String 388
16-3 Energy and Power of a Wave Traveling Along a String 390
16-4 The Wave Equation 392
16-5 Interference of Waves 394
16-6 Phasors 398
16-7 Standing Waves and Resonance 401
17 Waves?II 411
17-1 Speed of Sound 411
17-2 Traveling Sound Waves 414
17-3 Interference 417
17-4 Intensity and Sound Level 420
17-5 Sources of Musical Sound 424
17-6 Beats 428
17-7 The Doppler Effect 430
17-8 Supersonic Speeds, Shock Waves 435
Review & Summary 436 Problems 437
18 Temperature, Heat, and The First Law of Thermodynamics 442
18-1 Temperature 442
18-2 The Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales 446
18-3 Thermal Expansion 448
18-4 Absorption of Heat 450
18-5 The First Law of Thermodynamics 456
18-6 Heat Transfer Mechanisms 462
Review & Summary 466 Problems 468
19 The Kinetic Theory of Gases 472
19-1 Avogadro’s Number 472
19-2 Ideal Gases 473
19-3 Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed 477
19-4 Translational Kinetic Energy 480
19-5 Mean Free Path 481
19-6 The Distribution of Molecular Speeds 483
19-7 The Molar Specific Heats of an Ideal Gas 487
19-8 Degrees of Freedom and Molar Specific Heats 491
19-9 The Adiabatic Expansion of an Ideal Gas 494
Review & Summary 498 Problems 500
20 Entropy and The Second Law of Thermodynamics 503
20-1 Entropy 503
20-2 Entropy in The Real World: Engines 510
20-3 Refrigerators and Real Engines 515
20-4 A Statistical View of Entropy 518
Review & Summary 522 Problems 523
21 Coulomb’s Law 527
21-1 Coulomb’s Law 527
21-2 Charge Is Quantized 537
21-3 Charge Is Conserved 539
Review & Summary 540 Problems 541
22 Electric Fields 544
22-1 The Electric Field 544
22-2 The Electric Field Due To a Charged Particle 547
22-3 The Electric Field Due To a Dipole 549
22-4 The Electric Field Due To a Line of Charge 552
22-5 The Electric Field Due To a Charged Disk 557
22-6 A Point Charge in an Electric Field 559
22-7 A Dipole in an Electric Field 561
Review & Summary 564 Problems 565
23 Gauss’ Law 569
23-1 Electric Flux 569
23-2 Gauss’ Law 574
23-3 A Charged Isolated Conductor 578
23-4 Applying Gauss’ Law: Cylindrical Symmetry 581
23-5 Applying Gauss’ Law: Planar Symmetry 583
23-6 Applying Gauss’ Law: Spherical Symmetry 585
Review & Summary 587 Problems 587
24 Electric Potential 592
24-1 Electric Potential 592
24-2 Equipotential Surfaces and The Electric Field 597
24-3 Potential Due To a Charged Particle 601
24-4 Potential Due To an Electric Dipole 604
24-5 Potential Due To a Continuous Charge Distribution 605
24-6 Calculating The Field From The Potential 608
24-7 Electric Potential Energy of a System of Charged Particles 610
24-8 Potential of a Charged Isolated Conductor 613
Review & Summary 614 Problems 615
25 Capacitance 620
25-1 Capacitance 620
25-2 Calculating The Capacitance 622
25-3 Capacitors in Parallel and in Series 626
25-4 Energy Stored in An Electric Field 631
25-5 Capacitor with a Dielectric 634
25-6 Dielectrics and Gauss’ Law 638
Review & Summary 641 Problems 641
26 Current and Resistance 646
26-1 Electric Current 646
26-2 Current Density 649
26-3 Resistance and Resistivity 653
26-4 Ohm’s Law 657
26-5 Power, Semiconductors, Superconductors 661
Review & Summary 664 Problems 665
27 Circuits 669
27-1 Single-Loop Circuits 669
27-2 Multiloop Circuits 679
27-3 The Ammeter and The Voltmeter 686
27-4 Rc Circuits 686
Review & Summary 691 Problems 691
28 Magnetic Fields 697
28-1 Magnetic Fields and The Definition of B→ 697
28-2 Crossed Fields: Discovery of The Electron 702
28-3 Crossed Fields: The Hall Effect 704
28-4 A Circulating Charged Particle 708
28-5 Cyclotrons and Synchrotrons 711
28-6 Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Wire 714
28-7 Torque on a Current Loop 716
28-8 The Magnetic Dipole Moment 718
Review & Summary 721 Problems 721
29 Magnetic Fields Due To Currents 726
29-1 Magnetic Field Due To a Current 726
29-2 Force Between Two Parallel Currents 732
29-4 Solenoids and Toroids 738
29-5 A Current-Carrying Coil as a Magnetic Dipole 741
Review & Summary 744 Problems 745
30 Induction and Inductance 750
30-1 Faraday’s Law and Lenz’s Law 750
30-2 Induction and Energy Transfers 757
30-3 Induced Electric Fields 760
30-4 Inductors and Inductance 765
30-5 Self-Induction 767
30-6 Rl Circuits 768
30-7 Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field 773
30-8 Energy Density of a Magnetic Field 775
30-9 Mutual Induction 776
Review & Summary 779 Problems 779
31 Electromagnetic Oscillations and Alternating Current 784
31-1 Lc Oscillations 784
31-2 Damped Oscillations in an Rlc Circuit 791
31-3 Forced Oscillations of Three Simple Circuits 793
31-4 The Series Rlc Circuit 802
31-5 Power in Alternating-Current Circuits 808
31-6 Transformers 811
Review & Summary 814 Problems 815
32 Maxwell’s Equations; Magnetism of Matter 819
32-1 Gauss’ Law for Magnetic Fields 819
32-2 Induced Magnetic Fields 821
32-3 Displacement Current 824
32-4 Magnets 828
32-5 Magnetism and Electrons 830
32-6 Diamagnetism 835
32-7 Paramagnetism 837
32-8 Ferromagnetism 839
Review & Summary 842 Problems 843
33 Electromagnetic Waves 848
33-1 Electromagnetic Waves 848
33-2 Energy Transport and The Poynting Vector 856
33-3 Radiation Pressure 859
33-4 Polarization 861
33-5 Reflection and Refraction 866
33-6 Total Internal Reflection 872
33-7 Polarization By Reflection 873
Review & Summary 875 Problems 876
34 Images 881
34-1 Images and Plane Mirrors 881
34-2 Spherical Mirrors 885
34-3 Spherical Refracting Surfaces 891
34-4 Thin Lenses 894
34-5 Optical Instruments 901
34-6 Three Proofs 904
Review & Summary 907 Problems 908
35 Interference 915
35-1 Light As a Wave 915
35-2 Young’s Interference Experiment 921
35-3 Interference and Double-Slit Intensity 927
35-4 Interference From Thin Films 931
35-5 Michelson’s Interferometer 938
Review & Summary 940 Problems 940
36 Diffraction 946
36-1 Single-Slit Diffraction 946
36-2 Intensity in Single-Slit Diffraction 951
36-3 Diffraction By a Circular Aperture 955
36-4 Diffraction By a Double Slit 959
36-5 Diffraction Gratings 963
36-6 Gratings: Dispersion and Resolving Power 966
36-7 X-Ray Diffraction 969
Review & Summary 972 Problems 972
37 Relativity 976
37-1 Simultaneity and Time Dilation 976
37-2 The Relativity of Length 985
37-3 The Lorentz Transformation 989
37-4 The Relativity of Velocities 993
37-5 Doppler Effect For Light 994
37-6 Momentum and Energy 997
Review & Summary 1003 Problems 1004
38 Photons and Matter Waves 1009
38-1 The Photon, The Quantum of Light 1009
38-2 The Photoelectric Effect 1011
38-3 Photons, Momentum, Compton Scattering, Light Interference 1014
38-4 The Birth of Quantum Physics 1020
38-5 Electrons and Matter Waves 1022
38-6 Schrodinger’s Equation 1026
38-7 Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle 1028
38-8 Reflection From a Potential Step 1030
38-9 Tunneling Through a Potential Barrier 1032
Review & Summary 1035 Problems 1036
39 More About Matter Waves 1040
39-1 Energies of a Trapped Electron 1040
39-2 Wave Functions of a Trapped Electron 1045
39-3 An Electron in a Finite Well 1049
39-4 Two- and Three-Dimensional Electron Traps 1051
39-5 The Hydrogen Atom 1055
Review & Summary 1067 Problems 1067
40 All About Atoms 1071
40-1 Properties of Atoms 1071
40-2 The Stern?Gerlach Experiment 1078
40-3 Magnetic Resonance 1081
40-4 Exclusion Principle and Multiple Electrons in a Trap 1082
40-5 Building The Periodic Table 1086
40-6 X Rays and The Ordering of The Elements 1088
Review & Summary 1097 Problems 1098
41 Conduction of Electricity in Solids 1102
41-1 The Electrical Properties of Metals 1102
41-2 Semiconductors and Doping 1111
41-3 The P-N Junction and The Transistor 1115
Review & Summary 1121 Problems 1122
42 Nuclear Physics 1125
42-1 Discovering The Nucleus 1125
42-2 Some Nuclear Properties 1128
42-3 Radioactive Decay 1135
42-4 Alpha Decay 1138
42-5 Beta Decay 1141
42-6 Radioactive Dating 1144
42-7 Measuring Radiation Dosage 1145
42-8 Nuclear Models 1146
Review & Summary 1149 Problems 1150
43 Energy From The Nucleus 1155
43-1 Nuclear Fission 1155
43-2 The Nuclear Reactor 1162
43-3 A Natural Nuclear Reactor 1166
43-4 Thermonuclear Fusion: The Basic Process 1168
43-5 Thermonuclear Fusion in The Sun and Other Stars 1170
43-6 Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion 1172
Review & Summary 1175 Problems 1175
44 Quarks, Leptons, and The Big Bang 1180
44-1 General Properties of Elementary Particles 1180
44-2 Leptons, Hadrons, and Strangeness 1189
44-3 Quarks and Messenger Particles 1195
44-4 Cosmology 1201
Review & Summary 1208 Problems 1208
Appendices
A The International System of Units (Si) A-1
B Some Fundamental Constants of Physics A-3
C Some Astronomical Data A-4
D Conversion Factors A-5
E Mathematical Formulas A-9
F Properties of The Elements A-12
G Periodic Table of The Elements A-15
Answers
To Checkpoints and Odd-Numbered Questions and Problems An-1
Index I-1
