기초 아랍어 문법

『기초아랍어문법』을 펴내면서 _ 5
예비단원 _ 19
1. 아랍어 자음 ·················································································· 19
2. 아랍어 모음 ·········································································· 22
3. 아랍어 발음 부호 ···································································· 25
4. 태양문자와 월문자 ·································································· 28
5. 숫자 · ················································································ 31
아랍어의 소개 _ 33
35 ·························································· اَلدَّرْسُ الَْوَّلُ 제1과
1. 명사문의 구조 ··································································· 35
2. 인칭대명사 ································································· 36
3. 3격과 2격 명사 ····································································· 37
4. 명사의 성 ································································· 39
5. 지시사 ················································································ 41
6. 의문사 ············································································· 42
7.45 ·············································································· اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّانِي 제2과
1. 의문사구 مِنْ أَيْنَ ··································································· 45
2. 동사 لَيْسَ 의 용법 ································································ 46
3. 의문사 أَ ··············································································· 48
51 ················································· اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّالِثُ : هَذِهِ الْغُرْفَةُ كَبِيرَةٌ 제3과
이 방은 큽니다
1. 보조모음 ······································································· 51
2. 지시사구 ··············································································· 52
3. 장소부사 هُنَا 와 هُنَاكَ ·································································· 53
4. 수사 1-10 ······································································· 55
59 ·················································· اَلدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعُ : اَلْمَتْحَفُ الْوَطَنِيُّ 제4과
국립박물관
1. 명사-형용사구 ···························································· 59
2. 분리대명사 ····································································· 61
3. 관계형용사 ································································· 62
4. 소유 접미대명사 ····························································· 64 호격사: يَا ······································································· 43
69 ················································· اَلدَّرْسُ الْخَامِسُ : مَكْتَبَةُ الْجَامِعَةِ 제5과
대학 도서관
1. 한정사 용법 ·································································· 69
2. 연결형( اَلِْضَافَةُ ) ········································································· 71
3. 양수형 ············································································ 73
4. 규칙 복수형 ···································································· 75
5. 연결형에서의 남성 규칙 복수형 ············································ 80
6. 지시사(양수형, 복수형) ··············································· 82
7. 수사 11-19 ··································································· 84
87 ····································· اَلدَّرْسُ السَّادِسُ : اَلْعُطْلَةُ الصَّيْفِيَّةُ 제6과
여름 방학
1. 모음 /u/로 끝나는 현재동사( اَلْفِعْلُ الْمُضَارِعُ الْمَرْفُوعُ ) 활용(단수, 복수) ······· 87
2. 동사문 V+S: 불완전일치 · ················································· 90
3. 명사문 S+V: 완전일치 · ·············································· 92
4. 부정문 용법 ···················································· 93
5. 미래시제 용법 ·············································· 95
6. 불규칙 복수형 ·············································· 96
7. 사물의 복수형의 성 ······································· 103
107 ··························· اَلدَّرْسُ السَّابِعُ : مُحَاضَرَةُ أُسْتَاذٍ تُونِسِيٍّ 제7과
튀니지 교수의 강의
1. 의문사 مَا، مَاذَا ························································ 107
2. 단어 또는 구의 부정: لَيْسَ ·············································· 108
لَيْسَ . 3 동사의 복수형 ······················································· 109
4. 복합연결형 구문 ········································································· 111
5. 전치사와 접미대명사 용법 ························································ 114
6. 기타 보조모음 ············································································ 116
121 ············································ اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّامِنُ : اَلدِّرَاسَةُ فِي كُورِيَا 제8과
한국에서의 공부
1. 과거동사( اَلْفِعْلُ الْمَاضِي )의 활용(단수, 복수) ····························· 121
2. 동사문 구조 V+S: 불완전일치 ·················································· 124
3. 명사문 구조 S+V: 완전일치 ·················································· 126
4. 수쿤으로 끝나는 현재동사( اَلْفِعْلُ الْمُضَارِعُ الْمَجْزُومُ )의 활용과 과거 부정 ···127
133 ························ اَلدَّرْسُ التَّاسِعُ : زِيَارَةُ اَلْمُرَاسِلِينَ الْمِصْرِيِّينَ 제9과
이집트 기자들의 방문
كَانَ . 1 동사의 활용 ····························································· 133
2. 동사와 접미대명사 용법 ······················································· 139
3. 명사 كُلٌّ 와 بَعْضٌ 의 용법 ················································ 140
145 ···································· اَلدَّرْسُ العَاشِرُ : اِمْتِحَانُ اللُّغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ 제10과
아랍어 시험
1. 의문사 كَمْ ‘얼마나’의 용법 ··············································· 145
2. 의문명사 أَيٌّ ‘어느’의 용법 ······················································· 147
3. 서수 ············································································· 147
4. 명사 كُلٌّ 과 접미대명사의 연결형 ········································ 150
5. 시간 말하기 ···································································· 152
157 ······································ اَلدَّرْسُ الْحَادِيَ عَشَرَ : اَلدُّكْتُورُ صَالِحٌ 제11과
살레흐 박사
1. 동명사의 의미와 기능 ·················································· 157
2. 동명사: 1형 동사 ························································· 160
3. 연결형: 제1요소의 확장 ············································· 165
169 ························· اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّانِيَ عَشَرَ : مَرَاحِلُ التَّعْلِيمِ فِي الْعَالَمِ الْعَرَبِيِّ 제12과
대학교육의 중요성
1. 시간을 나타내는 부사어 ···················································· 169
2. 동사와 전치사 관용구문 ································································ 173
3. 2형의 과거동사, 현재동사, 동명사 ········································· 175
183 ····························· اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّالِثَ عَشَرَ: أَعْلَى بِنَاءٍ فِي الْعَالَمِ 제13과
세계에서 가장 높은 건물
1. 3형 동사와 동명사 ························································ 183
2. 우선급: 비교급과 최상급 ··················································· 188
3. 절대목적어( اَلْمَفْعُولُ الْمُطْلَقُ ) ···················································· 198
203 ···························· اَلدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعَ عَشَرَ : بَرْنَامَجُ التَّبَادُلِ الطُّلاَّبِيِّ 제14과
교환학생프로그램
1. 4형 동사와 동명사 ························································ 203
إِنَّ . 2 와 그의 자매어들( إِنَّ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا ) 용법 ········································ 210
3. 집합명사 ············································································ 216
4. 접속사 وَ와 فَ ································································· 217
223 ································ اَلدَّرْسُ الْخَامِسَ عَشَرَ : مُرَاسِلٌ فَرَنْسِيٌّ فِي تُونِسَ 제15과
튀니지의 프랑스 기자
1. 5형 동사와 동명사 ····························································· 223
2. 6형 동사와 동명사 ······························································ 228
3. 모음 /a/로 끝나는 현재동사 ( اَلْفِعْلُ الْمُضَارِعُ الْمَنْصُوبُ ) ······················ 234
4. 기수와 서수: 20-99 ······················································ 239
247 ····························· اَلدَّرْسُ السَّادِسَ عَشَرَ : اِنْتِخَابَاتُ الرِّئَاسَةِ فِي لُبْنَانَ 제16과
레바논의 대통령 선거
1. 7형 동사와 동명사 ······················································ 247
2. 8형 동사와 동명사 ····················································· 249
3. 동사의 양수 ································································ 257
4. 명사 أَحَدٌ ‘누군가’ ····················································· 259
5. 수사와 명사 ·························································· 260
273 ···························· اَلدَّرْسُ السَّابِعَ عَشَرَ : مَقَالَةٌ فِي جَرِيدَةِ الْجَامِعَةِ 제17과
대학 신문의 기사
1. 동명사화사( أَنْ )اَلْحَرْفُ الْمَصْدَرِيُّ ··········································· 273
كَانَ . 2 와 그의 자매어들( كَانَ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا ) ········································· 281
3. 명사 غَيْرٌ 의 용법 ······················································· 284
4. 두 개의 목적어를 수반하는 동사 ··································· 286
289 ···································· اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّامِنَ عَشَرَ : مُحَمَّدٌ عَبْدُهُ 제18과
무함마드 압두
1. 관계절( اَلصِّلَةُ ) ····················································· 289
2. 동명사화사 مَا ··························································· 294
3. 목적격의 부사적 용법 ····················································· 295
299 ······································· اَلدَّرْسُ التَّاسِعَ عَشَرَ : أَهْرَامُ الْجِيزَةِ 제19과
기자 피라미드
1. 9형 동사와 동명사 ······················································ 299
2. 10형 동사와 동명사 ·························································· 301
3. 1-10형 동사와 동명사 요약 ········································· 305
4. 연도 읽는 법 ··························································· 311
317 ······································ اَلدَّرْسُ الْعِشْرُونَ : أَمْثَالٌ وَمُقَوِّلَتٌ 제20과
속담과 격언
1. 긍정 명령 ·································································· 317
2. 부정 명령 ······························································· 321
3. 간접 명령 ···························································· 323
4. 강조와 대조의 뜻으로 쓰이는 분리대명사 · ····························· 325
5. 시작동사 ··························································· 327
333 ······················ اَلدَّرْسُ الْحَادِي وَالْعِشْرُونَ : كِتَابَةُ رِسَالَةٍ 제21과
편지 쓰기
1. 현재동사의 의미적 특성 ················································· 333
2. 능동명사( اِسْمُ الْفَاعِلِ )의 용법 ·········································· 336
3. 명사 نَفْسٌ 용법 ·························································· 340
أَبٌ . 4 와 أَخٌ 의 격변화 · ······································ 342
351 ········································ : اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّانِي وَالْعِشْرُونَ 제22과
زِيَارَةُ مَسْؤُولٍ كَبِيرٍ إِمَارَاتِيٍّ لِكُورِيَا الْجَنُوبِيَّةِ
아랍에미리트 고위책임자의 한국 방문
1. 2형-10형의 능동명사 ········································· 351
2. 상태절( اَلْحَالُ ) · ·············································· 355
3. 명사 جَمِيعٌ 용법 ······································· 357
4. 4자음 동사 ··················································· 359
5. 과거동사의 수동태 ···················································· 361
6. 비사실 연결형 ························································· 365
369 ································ " اَلدَّرْسُ الثَّالِثُ وَالْعِشْرُونَ : جَرِيدَةُ "اَلَْهْرَامُ 제23과
‘알아흐람’ 지
1. 명사 مِثْلٌ 과 전치사 كَ ··································· 369
2. 도착동사 وَصَلَ 용법 ··································· 372
3. 1-10형의 수동명사 ( اِسْمُ الْمَفْعُولِ ) ······························· 373
379 ·················· اَلدَّرْسُ الرَّابِعُ وَالْعِشْرُونَ : اَلْفُصْحَى وَالْعَامِّيَّةُ 제24과
문어체 아랍어와 구어체 아랍어
1. 주제어-설명문: أَمَّا ... فَ ··································· 379
2. 현재동사의 수동태 ······································· 383
3. 비한정 관계대명사 مَنْ 와 مَا ································ 384
연습문제 해답 _ 391
강독 해석 _ 467

1. 명사문의 구조
아랍어 문장은 명사문과 동사문으로 구분된다. 명사문은 명사로 시작하고 동사문은 동사로 시작하는 문장을 말한다. 명사문의 구조는 주어와 술어로 구성되며 주어와 술어는 의미적으로 상호 의존관계를 가진다. 주어 자리에는 대명사나 명사가 오며 명사는 일반적으로 한정사로 표시되고 주격을 취한다. 술어는 주어와 성, 수에서 일치하며 명사, 형용사, 전치사구, 부사가 올 수 있다.