재미있는 심리여행

Chepter | 1 심리학의 이해



1. 심리학이란 무엇인가············································ 4

1 심리학의 기원············································· 4

2 심리학의 역사············································· 8



2. 심리학 사조 및 접근관점········································ 11

1 심리학 사조·············································· 11

2 심리학의 접근관점········································ 15

3 심리학의 활동분야········································ 17





Chepter | 2 감각과 지각



1. 감각과 지각의 개념············································24



2. 감각과 지각··················································24

1 감각과 지각의 경로········································24

2 현실세계에서의 감각과 지각과정····························26

3 지각과정·················································28





Chepter | 3 학 습



1. 학습의 개념··················································50



2. 고전적 조건형성···············································50

1 파블로프의 조건반사······································50

2 조건반응의 습득과 상실···································52

3 일반화···················································54

4 고전적 조건형성의 활용····································54



3. 조작적 조건형성··············································56

1 조작적 조건형성··········································56

2 효과의 법칙··············································57

3 조작적 조건형성의 기본원리································59

4 강화와 처벌· ·············································60

5 프리맥의 원리············································ 61

6 조작적 조건형성의 활용···································· 61



4. 고전적 조건형성과 조작적 조건형성의 차이점······················63

5. 기타 학습이론················································64

1 인지적 학습이론··········································64

2 인본주의적 학습이론······································68





Chepter | 4 기 억



1. 기억의 정의···················································72



2. 기억의 과정··················································73



3. 기억의 구조··················································75

1 감각기억·················································75

2 감각기억에서 단기기억으로의 전이··························77

3 단기기억 ················································78

4 단기기억에서 장기기억으로의 전이··························79

5 장기기억 ················································81

6 장기기억에서의 망각·······································84



4. 기억의 재구성················································86



5. 기억과 관련되 뇌 부위··········································87

1 해마·····················································88

2 편도체···················································89

3 대뇌피질·················································89



6. 기억향상법 ··················································90

1 반복학습·················································90

2 깊은 처리················································91

3 분산학습 ················································91

4 간섭의 최소화· ···········································92

5 적절한 수면··············································92





Chepter | 5 동기와 정서



1. 동기·························································96

1 동기의 정의··············································96

2 동기이론·················································96



2. 정서························································102

1 정서의 정의·············································102

2 정서의 기능·············································103

3 정서이론················································104

4 정서표현················································107





Chepter | 6 스트레스



1. 스트레스의 개념·············································· 114

1 스트레스의 정의········································· 114

2 스트레스의 원인········································· 115



2. 스트레스 반응··············································· 119

1 일반적응증후군·········································· 119

2 신체적 반응·············································120



3. 스트레스 측정···············································122

1 대학생활 스트레스 척도··································122

2 사회적 재적응 평정척도···································124

3 스트레스 자각척도· ······································124



4. 스트레스 대처방법············································127

1 문제 중심 대처 vs 정서 중심 대처··························127

2 심리적 조절 요인·········································130

3 스트레스 관리기법······································132





Chepter | 7 지 능



1. 지능의 이해··················································140

1 지능의 정의·············································140

2 지능지수················································140



2. 지능이론···················································· 141

1 2요인설················································· 141

2 다(多)요인설············································· 141

3 복합요인설· ·············································142

4 다중지능이론············································142

5 삼원지능이론············································145



3. 지능의 영향요인··············································146

1 유전적 요인·············································146

2 환경적 요인·············································146

3 유동지능과 결정지능 ····································147



4. 지능의 측정 ················································148

1 스탠포드-비네 지능검사··································149

2 웩슬러 지능검사· ········································149

3 다중 지능검사···········································149





Chepter | 8 성 격



1. 성격의 정의 ·················································154



2. 성격의 결정요인 ············································155

1 유전적 요인·············································155

2 환경적 요인·············································156



3 유전적 요인과 환경적 요인의 상호작용······················156

3. 성격이론····················································157

1 정신역동적 관점·········································157

2 사회심리학적 관점·······································162

3 인본주의적 관점· ········································163

4 특성이론················································165



4. 성격 평가···················································171

1 행동적 면접· ············································171

2 객관적 검사·············································173

3 투사적 검사· ············································ 174





Chepter | 9 심리검사



1. 심리검사란 무엇인가··········································180

1 심리검사란··············································180



2. 심리검사 시행 시 고려해야 할 사항······························181

1 라포형성················································181

2 수검자 변인·············································181

3 평가자 변인·············································182

4 검사상황 변인···········································182



3. 심리검사의 선택··············································183

1 이론적 지향· ············································183

2 실제적 고려사항·········································183

3 표준화··················································183

4 신뢰도··················································184

5 타당도··················································185



4. 심리검사 분류···············································188

1 지능검사················································188

2 성격검사················································189

3 기타 심리검사···········································197





Chepter | 10 상담과 심리치료



1. 상담························································204

1 상담의 이해·············································204

2 상담과정················································210



2. 심리치료····················································215

1 정신분석치료············································215

2 개인심리학적 치료········································220

3 분석심리학적 치료 ·······································224

4 행동치료················································229

5 게슈탈트 치료···········································232

6 인간중심치료············································236

7 의미치료················································241

8 인지치료················································244





Chepter | 11 사회심리학



1. 사회심리학의 정의············································250



2. 사회지각····················································251

1 귀인이론················································252

2 귀인의 오류·············································253

3 인상형성················································255



3. 사회적 관계·················································260

1 호감····················································260

2 도움행동················································263



4. 사회적 영향·················································265

1 동조····················································266

2 복종····················································267



5. 집단의 영향·················································269

1 집단에서의 수행· ········································269

2 집단의사결정············································270

3 대중매체················································272