북극시대 러시아의 해군과 해양기관

Chapter 01. 러시아 해양정책 및 해양전략 ·························································1
Chapter 02. 국방부 및 해군, 해양기관 편성 ······················································5
Chapter 03. 해군 약사, 발전과정 및 변천사 ····················································17
Chapter 04. 러시아 3대 해군 박물관 ·······························································23
Chapter 05. 국방·해양안보 싱크탱크 및 연구소 ··············································39
Chapter 06. 러시아 해군 무기체계 및 Q&A ···················································43
Chapter 07. 안보·해양 관련 번역 용어 정리 (한국어/영어/러시아어) ·············61
부 록 ······································································································65
￭ 러시아연방 국가안보전략/러시아연방 대통령령 제400호(2021.7.2.) ··········66
￭ 러시아연방 군사독트린/러시아연방 대통령령 제2976호(2014.12.25.) ·······91
￭ 러시아연방 해양독트린/러시아연방 대통령령(2015.7.27.) ························108
￭ 2030년까지 러시아연방 해군활동분야 기본정책/러시아연방
대통령령 제327호(2017.7.20.) ··································································132
￭ 2035년까지 러시아 북극권 발전과 국가안전보장전략/러시아연방
대통령령 제645호(2020.10.26.) ································································144

러시아 해군은 총 4개의 함대와 1개의 소함대를 구성하고 있으며, 유일한 항공모함 쿠즈네초프함은 북극을 관할하는 북양함대에 배치·운용되고 있습니다.
2014년 12월에는 북양함대에 ‘북극합동전략사령부’가 창설되고, 2021년 1월에는 북양함대를 모체로 북부군관구가 승격되어 북극의 중요성을 강조해오고 있습니다. 북극해 자원개발과 해양영유권 분쟁, 북극지역 북동항로의 주도권 선점을 위해 북양함대 전력증강은 지속적으로 추진되고 있는 상황입니다.
북극을 중심으로 전개되는 이러한 제반 상황을 감안해 볼 때, 러시아 해군과 해양기관을 살펴보는 것은 북극시대에 러시아 해양의 현주소를 이해하고, 우리해양기관과 해군의 북극 진출의 발판을 모색하는 기회가 될 것으로 여겨집니다.