Climate Change and a More Sustainable Society

Preface 5

01 Introduction 11

02 The Climate Change Response 24
2.1 Greenhouse Gases 24
2.2 The New Climate Regime 32

03 Influence of the New Climate Change Regime 37
3.1 Climate Change Center and Climate Change Leadership Academy 38
3.2 Sustainable Campus, AIEES, Green Leadership Program and RICCR 48
3.3 Society for New and Renewable Energy 76
3.4 Renewable Energy 100 (RE100) Initiative 80

04 Industrial Approach to the Climate Change Response 83
4.1 Smart Green Cities 85
4.2 Smart Green Transportation 87
4.3 Smart Green Factories and Machines 91
4.4 New and Renewable Energy 93

05 Carbon Finance and Emission Trading System 104

06 Various Efforts for the Conservation of Nature 110
6.1 Trees and Forests 110
6.2 Human and Wildlife 118
6.3 Water 122
6.4 Resources Circulation 126

07 The Future Direction of Urban Design for Smart Green Cities 129
7.1 Climate Change and Urban Design 131
7.2 Vision and Definition of Smart Green Cities 132
7.3 Axiomatic Approach to Design of Smart Green Cities 139
7.4 An Integrative Method for Designing Smart Green Cities 144

08 International Cooperation for Sustainable Society 155
8.1 Science Council of Asia 155
8.2 International Science Council 166
8.3 Speeches and Proposals at International Conferences for Climate Change Responses and Sustainable Society 168

References 184

However, in the last 200 years, CO₂ levels have risen rapidly due to increased fossil fuel consumption, exceeding 400 ppm in recent years－a level not seen in 3 million years.
지난 200년 동안 화석 연료 소비의 증가로 인해 CO₂ 농도가 급격히 상승하여, 최근에는 400ppm을 초과하게 되었으며, 이는 300만 년 동안 한 번도 관측된 적이 없는 수준이다.

The UNFCCC considers a carbon dioxide concentration of 450 ppm the upper limit that humans can tolerate.
UNFCCC는 인간이 견딜 수 있는 이산화탄소 농도의 상한선을 450ppm으로 보고 있다. 이 한계를 전 세계적인 대응 없이 초과할 경우, 인류 멸종을 포함한 치명적인 결과를 초래할 수 있다고 경고하고 있다.

To avoid such catastrophic outcomes, Stern recommended investing over 1% of global GDP (approximately $550 billion) annually to transition to a low- carbon economy.
이러한 재앙을 피하려면, 영국의 스턴(Stern) 교수는 전 세계가 저 탄소 경제로 전환하기 위해 매년 전 세계 GDP의 1%($5500억) 이상을 투입해야 한다고 주장했다.